2004～2005年山西省流感样病例的病原学检测

目的了解2004～2005年山西省流感流行季节流感样病例的病原学特征。方法在太原市的三所哨点医院和有流感样病例的地区、门诊部采集鼻、咽拭子,用MDCK细胞进行分离鉴定。结果采集到的454份标本,分离到B型流感病毒13株(2.86%),均为B/上海/361/2002类似株。分离到流感病毒的病人以10岁以下儿童为主(9/13),男女无显著性差异。各医院阳性分离率无显著性差异。三个地区报告的中、小学校疫情,经病毒分离和血清抗体(HI)检测,其中两地均可确定为乙型流感病毒引起的局部小流行。三所医院各年龄组分离的19株非流感病毒(4.18%)细胞病变特征一样,不能确定何病毒。结论2004～2005年山西省流感流行季节主要以乙型流感病毒为主。未分离到其他型病毒以及分离率较低,分析原因与流感样病例和标本采集时间的把握有重要的关系,另一方面也可能与所用细胞的敏感性以及细胞的状态有关,加强实验室的质量控制,应用两种方法进行病毒分离对于提高病毒的分离率是非常必要的。

Detection of etiologic agents of influenza-like cases from 2004 to 2005 in Shanxi Province

Objective The present study was conducted to understand the characteristics of etiologic agents of influenza-like cases in influenza seasons from 2004 to 2005 in Shanxi Province Methods Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were obtained from patients in the out-patient departments of three sentinel hospitals and the areas with influenza-like cases, isolation and identification were done with MDCK cells. Results 13 strains of influenza B virus, all of which were similar to the B/Shanghai/361/2002 strain, were isolated from the 454 specimens collected (2.86%). The patients from whom influenza virus was isolated were predominantly children under 10 years of age (9/13) with no significant difference between males and females. And there was no significant difference in the positive isolation rate between the hospitals. Of the reported epidemic situations occurring in the primary and middle schools in the three areas, the epidemics in two of the areas were identified through viral isolation and detection of serum antibody (HI) as a local prevalence caused by influenza B virus. The pathological characteristics of cells caused by the 19 non-influenza viruses (4.18%) isolated in different age groups from the three hospitals were similar and the virus could not be decided. Conclusion Influenza B was the predominant virus type in influenza seasons from 2004 to 2005 in Shanxi Province. Finding no other types of viruses or having a low isolation rate are on the one hand associated with inappropriate timing of sampling influenza-like cases. On the other hand they are related to the sensitivity and state of the cells tested. So quality control of the laboratory is to be strengthen and it is necessary to isolate viruses with two methods for increasing the isolation rate of virus.