前列腺癌神经内分泌分化的研究进展

神经内分泌性前列腺癌是一种恶性程度极高的前列腺癌亚型，绝大多数神经内分泌性前列腺癌发生于去势抵抗性前列腺癌患者接受抗雄激素治疗之后。这种获得神经内分泌表型的细胞分化过程称为神经内分泌分化，是一种公认的前列腺癌抗雄激素治疗耐药的耐药机制，并且与临床不良预后明确相关。目前对于神经内分泌性前列腺癌的生理病理特征均尚未形成共识，因此针对这一亚型前列腺癌的治疗尤为棘手。本文通过综述与神经内分泌性前列腺癌及前列腺癌神经内分泌分化发生、进展相关的最新研究成果，总结热门靶点，为同行诊治与研究神经内分泌性前列腺癌提供新思路。

Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer: an advance

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a highly malignant subtype of prostate cancer and it mostly occurs in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients after antiandrogen therapy. The process of cell differentiation to obtain neuroendocrine phenotypes is called neuroendocrine differentiation (NED). It is a proposed mechanism of prostate cancer resistance to androgen-resistance therapy, which is associated with poor prognosis. At present, there is no consensus on the physiological and pathological characteristics of NEPC, and the treatment of this subtype is particularly difficult. This paper reviews the latest findings related to NEPC and NED, and summarizes the most studied targets, hoping to provide new ideas for peer diagnosis, treatment and research of NEPC.