冠状病毒肺炎细胞因子风暴及免疫调控治疗

细胞因子风暴是一种失控的过度免疫应答，是冠状病毒肺炎的重要发病机制。病毒劫持机体的免疫系统，导致免疫调节的负反馈丧失、多种细胞因子异常升高，损害了肺泡弥散功能并造成多器官功能障碍。靶向冠状病毒细胞因子风暴的特异性治疗研究，如粒细胞集落刺激因子、托珠单抗、卡莫他特、血液净化治疗等已取得系列成果，其可能是缓解新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情的有效手段。但COVID-19具有独特的病理特征，上述治疗的研究成果仍需进一步临床试验来验证。本文就冠状病毒肺炎细胞因子风暴及免疫调控治疗进展进行综述。

Cytokine storm and immunoregulatory therapy of coronavirus pneumonia

Cytokine storm, a runaway overwhelming immune response, plays an important part in the pathogenesis of coronavirus. The virus hijacks the immune system, resulting in a loss of negative feedback on the immune regulation and an overproduction of inflammatory cytokines, which subsequently impairs the pulmonary diffusion function and leads to multi-organ dysfunction. A series of progresses have been achieved in studies targeting the coronavirus cytokine storm, such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, tocilizumab, camostat mesylate, and blood purification treatment, which may provide effective ways to alleviate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Nevertheless, further clinical verifications of the above research findings are requested due to the unique pathology of COVID-19. This paper reviews the advances in cytokine storm and immunoregulatory therapy of coronavirus pneumonia.