水通道蛋白1在周围神经系统中的分布与功能研究进展

水通道蛋白1（AQP1）是分布于周围神经系统的主要水通道蛋白，其在三叉神经节、背根神经节和肠神经系统等外周神经结构的神经元和神经胶质细胞中均有表达。AQP1可能参与周围神经系统神经节和神经纤维束在生理和病理情况下水平衡的调节，在维持周围神经系统病理状态下细胞内外的水平衡中起关键作用。研究AQP1分布与功能将有助于深入理解神经系统的病理生理活动，并为临床治疗提供新的途径和方法。本文对近年来相关研究进展作一综述。

Advances on distribution and function of aquaporin 1 in the peripheral nervous system

Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is an aquaporin distributed in the peripheral nervous system. It has been found in neurons and glial cells of peripheral nerve structures, including trigeminal ganglion, dorsal root ganglion and enteric nervous system. AQP1 may be involved in the regulation of water balance of ganglia and nerve fiber bundles in the peripheral nervous system under physiological and pathological conditions, and plays a key role in maintaining the intracellular and extracellular water balance of peripheral nervous system under pathological condition. Knowing the structure and function of AQP1 can contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of the nervous system, providing new ways and methods for clinical treatment. This review summarizes the recent researches on AQP1.