女大学生和青年女犯的父母教养方式与自我评价的关系

目的了解女性青年罪犯与女大学生之间的父母教养方式差异以及其对自信水平的影响。方法用父母教养方式量表(EMBU)和个人自我评价问卷(PEI)对随机抽取的70名女大学生与70名女性青年罪犯进行研究。结果①父亲与母亲的教养方式在大多数因子上的差异极为显著(P0.05);②女性青年罪犯和女大学生在父亲严厉惩罚(t=2.98,P0.05)、父亲拒绝否定(t=2.73,P0.05)、母亲严厉惩罚(t=3.63,P0.001)以及母亲拒绝否定(t=3.45,P0.001)这4个因子上差异显著;③女性青年罪犯和普通在校女大学生的自我评价水平在体育自信(t=-2.29,P0.05)、学业自信(t=-3.13,P0.01)、总体自信水平(t=-2.93,P0.01)这3个维度上存在显著差异;④女性青年罪犯的社交焦虑、外表自信以及恋爱自信与母亲的教养方式显著负相关(P0.05),女性青年罪犯的恋爱和学业自信与父亲教养方式有关;女大学生的恋爱自信仅与父亲的偏爱相关(P0.05)。结论父、母亲教养方式之间普遍存在分歧和极端化的倾向。女大学生的自信水平不易受父母教养方式的影响;而女性青年罪犯的自信水平却与父母教养方式(过多的严厉惩罚和拒绝否定)有关,较低的自信水平可能是促成其犯罪的因素之一。

Relationship between Parental Rearing Styles and Personal Self-evaluation of College Students and Special Populations

Objective To explore the differences of parenting rearing style between female prisoner and female college students ,and its effect on self -evaluation.Methods Using parenting -style questionnaire （ EMBU） and self -evaluation questionnaire （ PEI） to measure 70 female students and 70 female prisoners （ special populations ） .Results ①There were significant differences between father and mother rearing style（P〈0.05）.②There were significant differences between young female prisoners and female college students in father severely-punished（t=2.98,P〈0.05）,father refused-deny（t=2.73,P〈0.05）,mother severe -punishment（t=3.63,P〈0.001）and reject negative mothers（t=3.45,P〈0.001）.③ Female young offenders were significantly different to female students in sports self-confidence（t=-2.29,P〈0.05）,academic self-confidence（t=-3.13,P〈0.05）,the overall confidence level （ t=-2.93, P〈0.05）.④There were significantly negative correlation between female prisoners ＇social -anxiety,appearance -confidence,love-confidence and the motherrearing style（P〈0.05）, female prisoners＇love-confidence and academic self -confidence were related to fa-ther rearing style;Female students＇love confidence only associated with father preference （P〈.05）.Conclusion There are wide spread and serious differences between father and mother rearing style .Parents rearing style has no significant influence on female students＇love self-confidence ,but it influences female prisoners＇self-confidence , low self confidence levels may be one of the factors contributing to crime.