大学生学校适应量表的编制

目的编制适合测量我国大学生学校适应的量表。方法在查阅文献和开放式问卷的基础上,通过项目分析、鉴别度、探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析确定大学生学校适应量表题目,并检验了该量表的信度和效度。结果探索性因素分析得到大学生学校适应量表包括7个因子:学习适应、师生关系适应、集体适应、同学关系适应、自主性、生活适应和学校环境适应,这7个因子可解释总变异的47.540%;验证性因素分析表明,7个因子的模型拟合良好(χ2/df=2.959,REMA=0.048,TLI=0.851,CFI=0.863,GFI=0.844),大学生学校适应量表全部题目以及各因子的内部一致性信度(Cronbach's)分别为0.926、0.880、0.886、0.889、0.717、0.762、0.701、0.645,该量表全部题目的再测信度为0.854。效标关联效度的分析表明,大学生学校适应量表与幸福感指数量表呈显著正相关(r=0.615,P0.01)。结论本研究编制的大学生学校适应量表提出大学生的学校适应包括7个方面的适应:学习适应、师生关系适应、集体适应、同学关系适应、自主性、生活适应和学校环境适应,该量表具有较好的信度和效度,适合于评定我国大学生的学校适应状况。

Development of the Scale of School Adjustment for College Students

Objective To develop the scale of school adjustment for college students .Methods On the basis of extant reference and open questionnaire,the scale of school adjustment for college students was developed by item analysis ,identification degree,exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis ,In addition,reliability and validity were examined .Results Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the scale of school adjustment for college students included seven dimensions ,and the seven dimensions were academic ad-justment,teacher-student relationship adjustment,class activity adjustment,classmate relationship adjustment,autonomy,life adjustment and school environment adjustment ,which explained 47.540%variance.The results of confirmatory analysis indicated that the structural validity of the scale of school adjustment for college students was acceptable （χ2/df=2.291,REMA=0.052,TLI=0.822,CFI=0.836, GFI=0.803）.In addition,internal consistency coefficients（Cronbach＇s）of whole scale was 0.926,and internal consistency coefficients （Cronbach＇s） of subscales was 0.880,0.886,0.889,0.717,0.762,0.701,0.645 respectively.Retest reliability of whole scale was 0.854.The criterion related validity analysis indicated that the scale of school adjustment for college students was correlated significantly with Index of Well-Being Scale（r=0.615,P〈0.01）.Conclusion The scale of school adjustment for college students includes seven dimensions：academic adjustment ,teacher-student relationship adjustment ,class activity adjustment ,classmate relationship adjustment , autonomy,life adjustment and school environment adjustment ,which has good reliabilities and validities and can be used to measure the school adjustment of college students .