艺术类大学新生人性哲学观的影响因素路径分析

目的研究艺术大学新生人性哲学特征及其影响因素。方法采用人性的哲学量表、人性的哲学修订量表、青少年生活事件量表、症状自评量表及卡特尔16种人格特质问卷对1019名艺术学生进行测试。结果不同性别、家庭状态下人性观存在差异:男生在利他主义正性、意志力与理性正性上得分明显低于女生(P0.05);单亲家庭的新生在值得信任正性上得分低于非单亲家庭(P=0.016)。个性、心理、生活事件各因素均与人性观存在一定相关性:16PF中12个因子与人性观中各因子具有不同程度相关性(r=-0.204~0.290,P0.05);SCL-90各因素与值得信任负性、利他主义负性、意志力与理性负性、人性复杂性正性这4个因子无相关性,与剩余分量表大多存在显著相关(r=-0.315~0.062,P0.05);艺术新生除值得信任负性、利他主义负性、人性复杂性正性、愤世嫉俗外的其他因子均与生活事件的各方面存在显著相关(r=-0.068~-0.243,P0.05);路径分析结果显示,乐群性对新生个性贡献最大(β=0.72),个性、生活事件对正负人性观的直接影响均显著(β1=0.14,0.12,β2=-0.21,-0.14),个性在生活事件及人性观之间的间接效应显著(β=0.03)。结论大学新生处于人性观形成和发展的关键时期,从提高心理健康程度、培养良好个性特征、关注负性生活事件的发生三方面入手,促进正性人性观的形成和发展。

Path Analysis on Influencing Factors of Philosophies of Human Nature in the Art Freshmen

Objective To study the characteristics of philosophy of human nature in art freshmen and its influencing factors .Meth-ods Using PHN,RPHN,TLES,SCL-90 and 16PF to assess 1019 art students.Results There were significant differences in different gender ,family status of human nature：Boys scored significantly lower than girls in positive altruism ,positive willpower and rational （ P〈0.05）;There was significant differences in positive trusted between different family of freshmen positive （P=0.016）.Personality,psy-chology,life events were correlated to the view of human nature：12 factors in 16PF were correlated to each factor of human nature （ r=-0.204~0.290,P〈0.05）;SCL-90 all factors were not correlated to negative trust ,negative altruism,negative willpower and rational , humane complexity,but correlated to the presence of most of the remaining subscale （r=-0.315~0.062,P〈0.05）;In addition to nega-tive trust,negative altruism and positive human complexity ,other factors of human nature were significantly associated with all aspects of life events（r=-0.068~-0.243,P〈0.05）;Path analysis showed that gregariousness had largest contribution on personality of freshmen （β=0.72）,personality,positive and negative life events directly affected the view of human nature significantly （β1=0.14,0.12,β2=-0.21,-0.14）,personality had indirect effects on the relationship between human nature and life events （β=0.03）.Conclusion Fresh-men is in the critical period of formation and development of human nature ,we should increase the level of mental health ,develop good personality ,pay attention to negative life events occurred in order to promote the formation and development of a positive view of human nature.