Sputum eosinophil counts predict asthma control after discontinuation of inhaled corticosteroids |
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Authors: | Deykin Aaron Lazarus Stephen C Fahy John V Wechsler Michael E Boushey Homer A Chinchilli Vernon M Craig Timothy J Dimango Emily Kraft Monica Leone Frank Lemanske Robert F Martin Richard J Pesola Gene R Peters Stephen P Sorkness Christine A Szefler Stanley J Israel Elliot;Asthma Clinical Research Network National Heart Lung and Blood Institute/NIH |
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Institution: | Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. adeykin@partners.org |
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Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Although inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are effective in preventing deterioration in asthma control, at least half of subjects with mild-to-moderate asthma will remain stable when these agents are discontinued. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether noninvasive markers of inflammation predict which individuals maintain asthma control after discontinuation of ICSs. METHODS: We analyzed data obtained from 164 subjects with mild-to-moderate asthma who participated in a 16-week trial comparing the effects of continued ICS use with the effects of a switch to salmeterol or placebo. RESULTS: In comparison with continued ICS use, a switch to salmeterol or placebo was associated with increased rates of asthma deterioration over 16 weeks (9.3% vs 24.1% and 37.5%, respectively; P = .04 and P < .001, respectively). We found that neither exhaled nitric oxide nor methacholine PC 20 , when measured at randomization or 2 weeks after randomization, were significant predictors of subsequent asthma control in subjects who discontinued ICSs. However, both induced sputum eosinophil counts measured 2 weeks after a switch from ICS to placebo and changes in sputum eosinophil counts from before cessation of ICSs to after a switch to placebo predicted subsequent asthma deterioration (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve, 0.771 P < .001] and 0.825 P < .001], respectively). CONCLUSION: On the basis of a model treatment strategy, we estimate that allocating subjects to ICS therapy on the basis of changes in sputum eosinophil counts after a trial discontinuation could allow 48% of subjects with mild-to-moderate asthma to discontinue ICS therapy without an increased risk of asthma deterioration over a period of at least 14 weeks. |
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