Basic Science Evidence for the Link Between Erectile Dysfunction and Cardiometabolic Dysfunction |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;2. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery and Department of Neuroscience, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute at the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada;3. Department of Urology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA;4. Department of Surgery/Division of Urology, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA;5. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Harbor‐UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, USA;6. Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA;7. Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA;8. Institute for Sexual Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA;9. Departments of Urology, Physiology, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA;2. APHP, Department of Anesthesiology, Henri Mondor Teaching Hospital, Créteil, France;1. Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA;2. Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA;3. Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;4. Department of CNS Diseases, Boehringer Ingelheim, Biberach, Germany;5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA;6. Endocrinology–Reproductive Physiology Training Program, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA;2. ISPA-University Institute, Lisbon, Portugal;3. iSex-Association of Advanced Study of Human Sexuality, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal;1. Nottingham National Centre for Gender Dysphoria, Nottingham, UK;2. Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK;1. Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy;2. Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, Florence, Italy;3. Endocrinology Unit, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionAlthough clinical evidence supports an association between cardiovascular/metabolic diseases (CVMD) and erectile dysfunction (ED), scientific evidence for this link is incompletely elucidated.AimThis study aims to provide scientific evidence for the link between CVMD and ED.MethodsIn this White Paper, the Basic Science Committee of the Sexual Medicine Society of North America assessed the current literature on basic scientific support for a mechanistic link between ED and CVMD, and deficiencies in this regard with a critical assessment of current preclinical models of disease.ResultsA link exists between ED and CVMD on several grounds: the endothelium (endothelium‐derived nitric oxide and oxidative stress imbalance); smooth muscle (SM) (SM abundance and altered molecular regulation of SM contractility); autonomic innervation (autonomic neuropathy and decreased neuronal‐derived nitric oxide); hormones (impaired testosterone release and actions); and metabolics (hyperlipidemia, advanced glycation end product formation).ConclusionBasic science evidence supports the link between ED and CVMD. The Committee also highlighted gaps in knowledge and provided recommendations for guiding further scientific study defining this risk relationship. This endeavor serves to develop novel strategic directions for therapeutic interventions. Musicki B, Bella AJ, Bivalacqua TJ, Davies KP, DiSanto ME, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF, Hannan JL, Kim NN, Podlasek CA, Wingard CJ, and Burnett AL. Basic science evidence for the link between erectile dysfunction and cardiometabolic dysfunction. J Sex Med 2015;12:2233–2255. |
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