肿瘤坏死因子α在子痫前期发生发展中的作用

子痫前期是妊娠期特有疾病，现今研究认为，肿瘤坏死因子仅是子痫前期发生发展机制中起重要作用的因子之一。肿瘤坏死因子α作为炎性分子，激活血管内皮细胞、间接影响血管舒缩功能，通过各种机制诱导胎盘滋养细胞凋亡增加，增加血管收缩因子（如内皮素）并减少血管舒张因子（如一氧化氮）的生成和释放，影响与脂类代谢相关的细胞因子。肿瘤坏死因子α从组织水平和分子细胞水平，广泛参与妊娠期子痫前期和子痫损伤和代偿的病理生理调节。

Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia

Preeclampia is the most common serious medical disorder of human pregnancy. It has been proved that tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α） plays an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. The activation of endothelial cell caused by TNF-α has detrimental effects on the vasculature. TNF-α can induce the increased apoptosis of gravid trophocyte. TNF-α has been showing up-regulate the vasoconstriction factors such as endothelin and down-regulate the vascular relaxing factors such as NO on the contrary. It can also affect lipid metabolism associated cytokines. In conclusion, TNF-α is widely involved in the damage and compensation of preeclampsia at the tissue, cellular and molecular level.