医院工作场所暴力的流行病学特征及危险因素分析

目的 探讨医院工作场所暴力的流行病学特征及危险因素。方法 抽样调查医院工作人员工作场所暴力发生情况,根据2002年5月10日世界卫生组织在题为《新的研究表明工作场所暴力威胁卫生服务》的公报中关于工作场所暴力的定义,采用频数分析和logistic回归等统计学方法对资料进行处理。结果 调查的4062名医院工作人员中1年内有2619人遭受过工作场所暴力,暴力的发生率为64.48％,其中心理暴力为49.12％,身体暴力为15.36％。男性更容易遭受多次暴力,且更容易遭受身体暴力;30～39岁年龄组医院工作人员是工作场所暴力的主要受害者,医生、护士。(含助理护士)是工作场所暴力的高危职业人群;白班是发生工作场所暴力事件的高峰时问,病房是多发地点。患者(或探视者)的要求未能得到满足、患者自认病情无好转和诊疗费用太高是工作场所暴力发生的主要危险因素。患者亲属和患者本人是主要的肇事者。结论 医院工作场所暴力问题严重,实施以医院为主导和改善医患关系的综合干预措施,尽量减少和避免工作场所暴力发生。

Analysis on the epidemiological features and risk factors of hospital workplace violence in Guangzhou

Objective To study the epidemiological features and relevant risk factors of hospital workplace violence. Methods A retrospective study using logistic regression on hospital staff was carried out. Based on WHO s last definition for workplace violence from " new research showing workplace violence threatening health services" issued on May 10th, 2002. Results Among 4062 staff members investigated, 2619 had been subjected to workplace violence in the last 12 months preceding the survey, with a rate of 64. 48% which was accounted for 49. 12% of psychological and 15.36% of physical violence respectively. Male staff were more vulnerable to physical violence against female. Those victims aged 30-39 years were at greatest risk. Doctors and nurses were leading victims of workplace violence. Most of workplace violence happened during day shift, in the ward. The main risk factors contributing to workplace violence would include: unreasonable demand from patients or their relatives, late recovery as expected, and expensive cost. Patients' relatives often took the leading role as perpetrators and followed by patients themselves. Conclusion Magnitude of hospital workplace violence in hospitals in Guangzhou asked for comprehensive measures to improve staff-patient relationship for the prevention and control .of violence.