知信行理论在糖尿病健康教育中的应用效果

目的：研究知信行理论在糖尿病患者健康教育中的应用效果。方法选取门诊初次确诊糖尿病患者400例，根据患者确诊时间的先后分为观察组201例与对照组199例，对照组采用传统方法进行健康教育，观察组采用知信行理论进行健康教育，为期3个月。比较两组患者餐前空腹血糖（ FBG）、餐后2 h血糖（ PBG）、总胆固醇（ TC）和体质量指数（ BMI）水平及各项自控水平指标。结果健康教育后，观察组患者FBG、PBG和BMI分别为（5．34±1．68） mmol/L，（9．80±1．38） mmol/L，（27．53±1．67）kg/m2，与健康教育前比较差异有统计学意义（t值分别为4．328，17．425，9．801；P＜0．05）；对照组BMI为（30．53±1．97）kg/m2，与健康教育前比较差异有统计学意义（t＝3．561，P＜0．05）。健康教育后，两组患者在合理运动、适当饮食、定期监测血糖及尿糖、每日足部护理各项自控水平指标比较差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为30．766，12．104，7．029，13．294，10．519；P＜0．05）。结论将知信行理论应用于糖尿病健康教育可控制血糖、提升患者自控水平。

Application of knowledge-belief-practice model in health education for diabetic patients

Objective To investigate the effect of knowledge-belief-practice model in the health education for diabetic patients .Methods Four-hundred cases of outpatients who were primary diagnosed with diabetes were divided into the study group （ two-hundred and one cases ） and control group （ one-hundred and ninety-nine cases ） according to the time of diagnose .The control group used the traditional methods of health education , the study group adopted knowledge-belief-practice model of health education , for a period of three months .Fasting blood glucose （ FBG） , 2 h postprandial blood glucose （ PBG） , total cholesterol （ TC） and body mass index （ BMI ） level and the automatic control level index were compared between the two groups . Results After the health education, FBG, PBG and BMI of the patients in the study group were （5.34 ＆#177; 1.68）mmol/L,（9.80 ＆#177;1.38） mmol/L and （27.53 ＆#177;1.67） kg/m2,respectively.The differences were statistically significant between before and after the health education （ t=4.328,17.425,9.801,respectively;P〈0.05）;BMI of the patients in the control group was （30.53 ＆#177;1.97）kg/m2, and there was a statistically significant difference between before and after the health education （t =3.561,P〈0.05）.After the health education , there were statistically significant differences in the reasonable exercise , proper diet , regular monitor of blood glucose and urine glucose , daily foot care between the two groups （χ2 =30.766,12.104,7.029, 13.294,10.519, respectively;P〈0.05）.Conclusions The application of knowledge-belief-practice model in the health education of diabetic patients can promote blood glucose control , and improve the auto-control level of diabetic patients .