兔颈动静脉瘘模型的影像学和病理学变化

目的建立兔颈动静脉瘘模型,观察其影像学和病理学变化,探讨其作为介入治疗模型的可行性。方法 30只新西兰大白兔随机分为三组:(1)对照组10只,解剖分离但不吻合兔左侧颈总动脉和颈外静脉;(2)实验Ⅰ组(2周)与实验Ⅱ组(4周)各10只,用显微技术吻合兔左侧颈总动脉和颈外静脉;对照组于术后4周,两实验组分别于术后2周及4周行数字减影血管造影(DSA)观察后,取颈外静脉做血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)的免疫组化染色及HE染色。结果与对照组相比,实验组造影显示颈外静脉扩张、增粗,产生盗血现象;与对照组相比,免疫组化染色显示实验组TGF-β阳性表达显著增多(P<0.01),VEGF阳性表达轻度增多(P>0.05);与对照组相比,HE染色可见实验组颈外静脉内膜显著增厚(P<0.01)。结论显微吻合兔颈总动脉-颈外静脉建立动静脉瘘模型,其影像学和病理学变化符合模拟硬脑膜动静脉瘘介入治疗模型的要求,可用于介入实验研究。

Radiological and pathological changes in a neck arteriovenous fistula model of the rabbit

Objective To construct a rabbit model of neck arteriovenous fistula, observe the changes in imaging and pathology, and explore the feasibility as intervention model. Methods 30 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups：（1） 10 rabbits in control group, but not anastomosis with dissection of the left common carotid artery（CCA） and external jugular vein（EJV）;（2） the experimentⅠgroup（two weeks） and the experiment Ⅱ group（four weeks） with 10 rabbits in each group, was used microsurgical technique to anastomosis with the CCA and EJV; Digital subtraction angiography （DSA） observation after operation was done in the control group at 4 weeks and the experimentⅠgroup at 2 weeks and the experiment Ⅱ group at 4 weeks, the external jugular vein was taken, and immunohistochemical staining about vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） and transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β） and HE staining was done. Results Compared with control group, the experimental group showed EJV was dilation and thickening, and had a＆quot;steal blood＆quot;phenomenon in the image;compared with control group, immunohistochemical staining of the experiment group showed positive expression of TGF-β increased significantly（P〈0.01）, the positive expression of VEGF slightly increased（P〉0.05）;compared with control group, HE staining of the experiment group showed EJV intimal was thickening（P〈0.01）. Conclusions A arteriovenous fistula model was constructed by using microsurgical technique to anastomosis with the left CCA and EJV, its changes of imaging and pathological to meet the requirements of simulation of dural arteriovenous fistula treatment model, can be used for interventional experimental study.