后腹腔镜下冷冻消融治疗小肾肿瘤的初步报告

目的 探讨后腹腔镜下冷冻消融治疗小肾肿瘤的临床疗效.方法 肾肿瘤患者10例,共11个肿瘤.肿瘤位于左肾3例、右肾6例、双肾1例;肾上极2例、中极6例、下极3例.均经CT或MRI检查证实:肿瘤直径平均2.8(1.5～4.0)cm,远离集合系统,无远处转移.临床分期均为T1aN0M0.实验室检查Hb(137±21)g/L、红细胞沉降率(ESR)(27±12)mm/1 h、SCr(92±41)μmol/L、GFR(42±10)ml/min.均采用后腹腔镜下冷冻消融治疗.术中常规行穿刺病理检查. 结果 10例患者手术均成功,平均手术时间(101±31)min,平均出血量(42±21)ml.未发生腹腔镜手术相关并发症.术后平均住院(4±2)d.术后Hb(129±18)g/L,ESR(31±14)mm/1 h,SCr(95±39)μmol/L,患肾GFR(40±11)ml/min,与术前比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).病理检查,11个肿瘤中透明细胞癌8个、乳头状肾细胞癌2个、血管平滑肌脂肪瘤1个.10例平均随访16(6～21)个月.术后第1、3和6个月复查MRI,肿瘤冷冻区域呈梗死、无信号增强、逐渐消散等演变过程.术后6个月肿瘤冷冻区域活检1例阴性.无局部复发或远处转移病例.结论 后腹腔镜下冷冻消融治疗小肾肿瘤安全有效,远期疗效尚需进一步随访观察.

Retroperitoneoscopic cryoablation for small renal tumors: a preliminary report

Objective To present the technique and short-term results of retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal cryoablation for small renal tumors. Methods Ten selected patients cases with 11 renal tumors were included in present study. There were 3 cases of left renal tumor, 6 cases of right renal tumor and 1 case of bilateral renal tumors. Tumors were located at the upper pole (2), middle (6), or lower pole (3). All tumors were located distant from the collecting system, without evidence of metastatic disease. Mean tumor size was 2. 8 cm (range: 1.5-4.0). All the patients were managed with a double freeze-thaw cycle of retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal cryoablation. The preoperative Hb was (137± 21)g/L, ESR was (27±12)mm/1 h, SCr was (92±41)μmol/L, GFR was (42±10)ml/min.All the patients were taken routine biopsies. Results Cryoablation was technically successful in all 10 patients (11 tumors). The mean time of the operations was (101 ± 31) min, and the mean blood loss was (42±21) ml. None of the cases received blood transfusion post-operation. No operative complication was seen. The postoperative hospital stay was (4±2) d. The postoperative Hb was (129 ±18)g/L,ESR was (31±14)mm/1 h,SCr was (95±39)μmol/L,GFR was (40±11)ml/min. There was no statistic change of Hb, ESR, SCr and ECT-GFR after operations(P＞0. 05). The biopsy results revealed that 8 tumors were renal clear cell carcinomas, and 2 tumors were papillary renal cell carcinomas, and 1 tumor was renal angiomyolipoma. All the patients had a minimum follow-up of 6 months (mean 16, range 6 to 21). Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging at 1, 3, and 6 months identified the punched-out, nonenhancing, spontaneously resorbing, renal cryolesions. Follow-up biopsie of the cryoablated tumor site was negative in the only patient who have undergone the biopsy. No evidence of local or port-site recurrence was found, and no metastatic disease. Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal cryoablation for small renal tumors could be an accurate and effective intervention with a relatively low incidence of complications. Critical long-term data regarding laparoscopic renal cryoablation are awaited.