Dysfunctional connectivity patterns in chronic heroin users: An fMRI study |
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Authors: | Jixin Liu Jimin Liang Wei Qin Jie Tian Kai Yuan Lijun Bai Yi Zhang Wei Wang Yarong Wang Qiang Li Liyan Zhao Lin Lu Karen M von Deneen Yijun Liu Mark S Gold |
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Institution: | 1. Life Science Research Center, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710071, China;2. Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhong Guancun East Rd. No. 95, P.O. Box 2728, Beijing 100190, China;3. The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710038, China;4. National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China;5. Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA |
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Abstract: | Recent functional neuroimaging studies have examined cognitive inhibitory control, decision-making and stress regulation in heroin addiction using a cue-reactivity paradigm. Few studies have considered impairments in heroin users from an integrated perspective for evaluation of their brain functions. We hypothesized that the brain regions that are dysregulated in the chronic heroin users during cue-reactivity studies may also show dysfunctional connectivity in memory, inhibition and motivation-related dysfunctions during a resting state free of cues. The present study used resting functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare the interaction of brain regions between 12 chronic heroin users and 12 controls by employing a novel graph theory analysis (GTA) method. As a data-driven approach, GTA has the advantage of evaluating the strength as well as the temporal and spatial patterns of interactions among the brain regions. Abnormal topological properties were explored in the brain of chronic heroin users, such as the dysfunctional connectivity in the prefrontal cortex, ACC, SMA, ventral striatum, insula, amygdala and hippocampus. Our results suggest that GTA is a useful tool in defining dysregulated neural networks even during rest. This dysfunctional brain connectivity may contribute to decrease self-control, impaired inhibitory function as well deficits in stress regulation in chronic heroin users. |
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Keywords: | fMRI Chronic heroin user Graph theory analysis Resting state |
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