Health-promotion interventions enhance and maintain self-efficacy for adults at cardiometabolic risk: A randomized controlled trial |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC;3. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei City Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC;4. Division of Cardiology, Chia-Yi & Wan-Qiao Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC;5. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC;6. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;7. Department of Health Care Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC;1. Department of Family Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;2. Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;3. Institute of Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;4. Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University;5. Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taiwan;1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Taiwan;2. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesTo investigate whether a community-based intervention program, based on self-efficacy theory, might improve older adults’ self-care behaviors as well as health outcomes related to hypertension and dyslipidemia.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was conducted in Taipei, Taiwan, From October 16, 2011 to July 31, 2014. Residents identified during community screening for the over 50 s were invited to participate if their blood pressure was 120–139/80–89 mmHg, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was <40 mg/dL (men) or <50 mg/dL (women), or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 130–159 mg/dL. The intervention group participated in a special health promotion program; the control group received conventional health education. Participants’ demographic and anthropometric data were recorded, and each completed semi-structured questionnaires about hypertension and cholesterol management, and gave blood samples for biochemical analyses before the intervention and 6 months after it ended.ResultsFrom 90/98 eligible subjects who enrolled, 84 completed the study: 41/43 and 43/47 respectively in intervention and control groups. Body mass index, blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the intervention group improved significantly from baseline. The Self-Efficacy Scale (P = 0.020), Self-Care Activities Questionnaire (P = 0.014) and Perceived Therapeutic Efficacy Scale (P = 0.023) scores improved significantly.ConclusionThis health promotion intervention program enhanced self-efficacy among older adults, with sustained effect through 6-months’ follow-up. These findings are consistent with studies that evaluated the effect of a diabetes education program on self-efficacy. The beneficial effect on a population at high-risk for hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, may serve as a model for developing and implementing such interventions. |
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| Keywords: | Health promotion Hypertension Hypercholesterolemia Older adults |
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