Determinants of depressive symptoms in Filipino senior citizens of the community-based ENGAGE study |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan;2. Graduate School of Global Studies, Sophia University, Japan;3. Office for Senior Citizens Affairs-Muntinlupa, Philippines;4. City Health Office-Muntinlupa, Philippines;5. Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Japan;1. Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan;2. Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan;3. Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan;4. Department of Health Sciences, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences Faculty of Health and Welfare, 3-11-1 Asahigaoka, Kashiwara, Osaka, 582-0026, Japan;5. Department of Education, Kyoto Women’s University Faculty of Human Development and Education, 35 Kitahiyoshi-cho, Imakumano, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, 605-8501, Japan;6. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan;7. Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan;1. Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China;2. Department of Rehabilitation, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China;3. Department of Rehabilitation, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China;4. International Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China;1. University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes & Policy, PO Box 100496, Gainesville, FL 32610-0496, United States;2. University of Florida Health Physicians, PO BOX 100354, Gainesville, FL 32610-0354, United States;3. Saint Louis University, College of Public Health and Social Justice, 3545 Lafayette Ave., St. Louis, MO 63104, United States;4. Baptist MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Urologic Surgery, 1235 San Marco Blvd., Jacksonville, FL 32207, United States;5. Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Ave., Campus Box 8051, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States;6. SSM Health, Department of Clinical Analytics and Insights, 10101 Woodfield Lane, St. Louis, MO 63132, United States |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThis study investigated the factors associated with depressive symptoms among community-dwelling Filipino senior citizens.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among 1021 Filipino senior citizens aged 60–91 years. We used multiple linear regression analysis to identify the factors independently associated with levels of depressive symptoms. We predicted the model using hierarchical regression analysis.ResultsBoth men and women who had higher subjective psychological well-being showed a lower level of depressive symptoms while those who had negative self-rated health and reported to be lonely showed a contrasting result. Among women, those who reported positive self-rated health, and had higher psychological resilience and social interaction, showed a lower level of depressive symptoms. Moreover, among women, those who had chronic diseases showed a higher level of depressive symptoms. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that loneliness was the most powerful predictor of depressive symptoms among Filipino senior citizens.DiscussionLoneliness and chronic diseases are the major risk factors for depressive symptoms while a higher level of subjective psychological well-being is the primary protective factor against it among Filipino senior citizens. To be free from depression, their psychological well-being should be strengthened through active social engagement and healthcare service improvement. |
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| Keywords: | Global aging Gerontology Mental health Depression Predictors |
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