An index of Brazilian frailty and its association with social factors |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 699, 48080 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain;2. BioCruces Health Research Institute, Plaza de Cruces, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain;3. Matia Instituto, Camino de los Pinos 35, E-20018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain;1. Medical Department, Geriatric Unit, Azienda ULSS (Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria) 3 “Serenissima”, Dolo-Mirano District, Italy;2. School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA;3. Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA;4. National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padua, Italy;5. Geriatrics Unit, Department of Geriatric Care, OrthoGeriatrics and Rehabilitation, E.O. Galliera Hospital, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital, Genova, Italy;6. Primary Care Department, Geriatric Unit, Azienda ULSS (Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria) 3 “Serenissima”, Dolo-Mirano District, Italy;1. Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK;2. Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK;3. Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK;4. Population Health Research Institute, St George''s University of London, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe Brazilian population is aging rapidly and it is necessary to establish tools to map the elderly population regarding its frailty, which is a common adverse condition during the aging process. The National Health Survey (PNS in Portuguese) data makes it possible.ObjectiveThis study aimed to construct a frailty index (FI) of the elderly Brazilian population using the PNS data, in order to compare it with the index of other population and to measure its association with social factors.MethodA set of the PNS variables was selected to carry out the index, taking into account criteria identified in the literature. The FI score was categorized as: non-frail (FI ≥ 0.10); vulnerable (0.10 < FI ≥ 0.21); frail (0.21 < FI ≥ 0.45); and most frail (FI > 0.45). A logistic regression model was adjusted to measure the association of the FI with some risk factors and social factors.ResultsThe Brazilian FI, calculated with 26 variables, presented a mean score of 0.13 and the best was a gamma distribution. Of the individuals, 53.9% were non-frail, 30.1% vulnerable, 13.6% frail and 2.5% most frail. The variables that significantly distinguished each level of the frailty were: self-perceived health status; instrumental activities of daily living (IADL); and difficulty in hearing, seeing and concentrating. Additionally, socio-demographic and sedentary lifestyle were identified as risk factors.ConclusionThe proposed index showed a similar distribution to the ones observed in the literature and it is associated with social factors. These findings are useful to guide the planning of the Brazilian health policy for the elderly population. |
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| Keywords: | Frail elderly Frailty index Epidemiology of aging Risk factors Quality of life |
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