Clinical Utility of Routine Transthoracic Echocardiographic Studies After Uncomplicated Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation: A Prospective Multicenter Study

Unsuspected cardiac complications have been occasionally identified on postablation echocardiographic studies; however, the clinical utility of route echocardiographic studies following uncomplicated radiofrequency catheter ablation procedures has not been established. Two-dimensional/Doppler echocardiographic studies obtained preablation (within 3 months of the procedure) in 355 consecutive patients (180 males and 175 females, mean age 37 ± 21 years) were compared to postablation (within 24 hours of the procedure) studies obtained after a total of 387 uncomplicated RF catheter ablation procedures for AV node slow pathway (n = 120), accessory AV pathways (n = 214), and complete AV junction (n = 39). Postablation studies identified 6 new cases (1.5%) of new wall motion abnormalities, and 3 additional patients had septal wall motion abnormalities during ventricular pacing. LVEF remained unchanged from baseline (62 ± 10 vs 62 ± 11). A small pericardial effusion was detected after 11 procedures (2.8%), and there were 9 (2.3%), 21 (5.4%), and 20 (5.2%) new findings of mild (1 +) aortic, mitral, and tricuspid regurgitation, respectively; and no cases of significant valvular dysfunction in any patient. There were no new cases of cavity thrombus. There was no clear relationship between postablation echocardiographic findings and the type and approach to ablation, and no patient had any clinical sequelae possibly related to any of the new echocardiographic findings during a mean follow-up of 15 ± 6.0 months (range 1–26 months). Routine transthoracic echocardiographic studies after uncomplicated RF catheter ablation procedures identify occasional minor abnormalities that (1) may or may not be procedure related, (2) are of no apparent clinical consequence, and (3) thus appear to be of limited value.