人脐带间充质干细胞复合去细胞神经基膜管修复大鼠坐骨神经缺损

目的 探讨诱导后的脐带间充质干细胞作为组织工程种子细胞修复大鼠坐骨神经缺损的可行性.方法 从正常足月新生儿脐带中分离培养间充质干细胞并诱导分化为神经样细胞,与去细胞神经基膜管共培养以构建组织工程神经;用30只健康成年雄性SD大鼠建立坐骨神经缺损(10 mm)的动物模型并随机分成3组:A组为脐带间充质干细胞复合去细胞神经基膜管组,B组为单纯去细胞神经基膜管组,C组为自体神经桥接组.术后10周通过神经电生理检测、组织学观察等评测效果.结果 在局部观察和肌肉测量、神经电生理检测、组织学观察等方面,脐带间充质干细胞复合去细胞神经基膜管组(A组)神经再生及肢体功能情况良好,效果接近于自体神经桥接组(C组),明显优于单纯去细胞神经基膜管组(B组).结论 脐带间充质干细胞复合去细胞神经基膜管构建的组织工程神经可有效促进大鼠坐骨神经缺损(10 mm)的修复.

An experimental study on repairing sciatic nerve defects of rats by human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells and acellular nerve basal lamina tube

Objective To explore the feasibility of using human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells as seed cells to repair sciatic nerve defects of rats by tissue engineering methods. Methods Mesenchymal stem cells from human umbilical cord were cultured and induced into neuron-liked cells,which were co-cultured with acellular basal lamina tube to construct tissue engineering nerve;models of sciatic nerve defects 10 mm in length were set up with thirty healthy adult SD rats and were divided randomly into 3 groups:tissue engineering nerve group (group A, compound of human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells and acellular basal lamina tube), pure acellular basal lamina tube group (group B), and autogenous nerve bridging group (group C). Evaluation of electrophysiological and histological results was carried out 10 weeks after operation. Results The engineering nerve group had good result in nerve regeneration which was close to the effect of autogenous nerve transfer group (group A), and much better than the effect of pure acellular basal lamina tube group. Conclusion Engineering nerves from human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells can effectively repair 10 mm defects of sciatic nerve.