Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing with Elastic Resistance: A New Reproducible Proposal for Determination of Ventilatory Thresholds and Maximum Oxygen Consumption |
| |
| Authors: | Victor H. Gasparini Neto Leticia N. Santos Neves Carlos A. Kalva-Filho Paulo A. Schwingel Richard D. Leite Luciana Carletti |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (LAFEX), Center of Physical Education and Sports (CEFD), Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória/ES, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Applied Sports Science (LACAE), Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL) – Maceió/AL, Brazil;3. Human Performance Research Laboratory, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Petrolina/PE, Brazil |
| |
| Abstract: | To propose a new Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test with Elastic Resistance (CPxEL) and compare the physiological responses to conventional cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPx) performed on a treadmill. In addition, we tested the reproducibility of the CPxEL. Twenty-four physically active participants completed the CPx (first session) and CPxEL twice (second and third sessions) interspersed by seven days. A treadmill protocol with increments of 1km·h-1 every minute until exhaustion was used in CPx. The CPxEL consisted of performing alternating steps back-and-forth against an elastic resistance attached to a belt and an incremental protocol with 1 stage (S) per minute following a cadence of 200 bpm controlled by a metronome in an 8-stage rubber mat. First analysis: first ventilatory threshold (VT1) occurred at 69.7% and 75.3% of maximal heart rate (HRmax) and 53.5% and 65.7% of maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max). Second VT (VT2) occurred at 93.3% and 96.8% of the HRmax and 87.0% and 96.9% of V̇O2max for CPx and CPxEL, respectively. At exhaustion, V̇O2max, perceived exertion (BORG-CR10 and OMNI-RES EB), and test duration presented lower values for CPxEL (P < 0.05). Second analysis: VT1 occurred at warm-up (S0) (P = 0.731), VT2 occurred at S5 (P = 0.912), and the exhaustion occurred at S6 and S7 (P = 0.271) for CPxEL and retest, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for V̇O2max was 0.921 and for HRmax was 0.930. The CPxEL has good test-retest reproducibility and represents a possible and interesting add-on to determine maximal oxygen consumption, maximal heart rate, and second ventilatory threshold without using traditional ergometers. Key points- The CPxEL represents a possible and interesting add-on to the CPx, not requiring treadmills or ergometers.
- The CPxEL has good test-retest reproducibility and represents a possible and interesting add-on to determine maximal oxygen consumption and heart rate.
- Using back-and-forth movements alternating strides with elastic resistance in an 8-stage rubber mat can be applied to measure maximal (V̇O2max) and submaximal capacity (VT2).
Key words: Cardiopulmonary exercise test, ventilatory thresholds, exercise testing, accessibility |
| |
| Keywords: | |
|
|
