菲律宾蛤仔对兔动脉粥样硬化的预防和治疗作用研究

①目的观察菲律宾蛤仔对兔动脉粥样硬化形成和消退的影响。②方法实验分两个阶段进行,第一阶段,将60只兔随机分为4组:A1组给予低脂饮食,B1组给予低脂+菲律宾蛤仔饮食,C1组给予高脂+菲律宾蛤仔饮食,D1组给予高脂饮食,共喂养8周。8周后将兔处死。第二阶段,将80只兔随机分为4组:其中A2、D2组分别给予低脂和高脂饮食,B2、C2组前6周给予高脂饮食,后8周B2组改为菲律宾蛤仔饮食,C2组改为普通低脂饮食(即洗脱期),共喂食14周。6周末每组动物随机处死一半,其余动物于14周末处死。所有动物每2周测血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)含量,并计算LDL-C/HDL-C。所有处死动物均取出主动脉,对血管粥样硬化病变进行大体形态学、光镜及电镜观察,并测定内膜/中膜厚度(IMT)比值。③结果第一阶段:与A1组相比,B1组血清学指标与病理均未有明显改变(P>0.05);与D1组相比,C1组血浆TC、TG浓度及LDL-C/HDL-C比值显著降低,HDL-C浓度显著升高(F=2.89~3.95,q=4.02~4.39,P<0.05),IMT比值明显降低(F=2.95,q=3.96,P<0.05),病理观察见兔主动脉动脉粥样硬化病变明显减轻。第二阶段:6周末,其他3组动脉IMT比值较A2组显著升高(F=2.89,q=3.85~4.21,P<0.05)。14周末,B2组HDL-C浓度比C2组显著增高(F=3.08,q=3.96,P<0.05);B2、C2组IMT比值较A2组升高(F=2.75,q=3.88、4.42,P<0.05),但较D2组降低(q=3.95、4.19,P<0.05)。④结论菲律宾蛤仔能够调节高脂饮食引起的血脂升高,抑制动脉粥样硬化的发生;菲律宾蛤仔还可减慢HDL-C浓度下降,对动脉粥样硬化消退起促进作用。

EFFECTS OF RUDITAPES PHILIPPINARUM ON THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN RABBITS

Objective To observe the effect of Ruditapes Philippinarum on the development and regression of atherosclerosis in rabbits. Methods The experiment was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, 60 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. Rabbits of group A_1 , B_1, C_1 ,and D_1 were given low fat diet, low fat and Ruditapes Philippinarum diet, high fat and Ruditapes Philippinarum diet, and high fat diet, respectively, for eight weeks. All the rabbits were then killed. In the second stage, another 80 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. Rabbits of group A_2 and D_2 were given low fat diet and high fat diet, respectively, for 14 weeks. Those of group B_2 and C_2 received high fat diet for six weeks, and then a low fat diet with and without Ruditapes Philippinarum for eight weeks, respectively. Half of the rabbits of each group were killed at the end of the sixth week, and the others at the end of the 14th week. Serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and LDL-C/HDL-C were detected for all the rabbits every two weeks. Morphologic atherosclerosis of the ascending aorta was observed with light microscope and electro microscope. The intima-media thickness ratio (IMT) was measured. Results In the first stage, the serological and pathological indices of group B_1 did not change significantly as compared with those of A_1(P>0.05). The plasma TC and TG levels and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio of group C_1 decreased significantly and HDL-C level increased, compared with those of group D_1 (F=2.89-3.95,q=4.02-4.39,P<0.05). IMT decreased significantly (F=2.95,q=3.96,P<0.05). Atherosclerosis improved pathologically. In the second stage, at the end of the sixth week, aorta IMT of group B_2, C_2 and D_2 was higher than that of group A_2 (F=2.89,q=3.85-4.21,P<0.05). At the end of the 14th week, serum HDL-C of group B_2 was higher than that of group C_2 (F=3.08,q=3.96,P<0.05), and aorta IMT of groups B_2 and C_2 was higher than that of group A_2 (F=2.75;q=3.88,4.42;P<0.05),but lower than that of group D_2 ((q=)3.95,4.19;P<0.05). Conclusion Ruditapes Philippinarum may decrease serum lipid and slow the progress of atherosclerosis. It can decrease the concentration of HDL-C thus plays an auxo-action for regression of atherosclerosis.