Approaches in modelling long-term survival: an application to breast cancer |
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Authors: | Perperoglou Aris Keramopoullos Antonis van Houwelingen Hans C |
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Institution: | Leiden University Medical Center, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9604, 2300 RC, The Netherlands. a.perperoglou@lumc.nl |
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Abstract: | Several modelling techniques have been proposed for non-proportional hazards. In this work we consider different models which can be classified into three wide categories: models with time-varying effects of the covariates; frailty models and cure rate models. We present those different extensions of the proportional hazards model on an application of 2433 breast cancer patients with a long follow-up. We comment on the differences and similarities among the models and evaluate their performance using survival and hazard plots, Brier scores and pseudo-observations. |
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Keywords: | reduced‐rank models relaxed Burr model time‐dependent effects pseudo‐observations Brier scores |
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