血钾检测结果呈季节性波动的原因分析

目的分析不同季节时血钾检测结果波动的原因。方法统计分析2010-2011年每月临床血钾检测结果的均值与同期质控血钾的均值，另采集空腹37例志愿者静脉血，每例分3份，第1份即刻分离出血清，另外2份分别保存于30℃、10℃下150min后分离血清，用离子选择电极法检测血钾浓度并比较三组结果的差异性。结果2010．2011年间每月临床血钾冬季整体偏高，夏季整体偏低；同期室内质控双水平血钾结果冬季与夏季间无区别，10℃下放置后的血钾结果为（4．512±0．267）mmol／L，显著高于即刻检测的（3．890±0．195）mmol／L（t=11．445，P〈0．05），而30℃下放置后检测的结果与即刻检测结果差异无统计学意义（t=1．643，P〉0．05）。结论血钾检测存在季节性波动，低温下保存血标本可导致血钾检测结果假性偏高，应该设法控制好检测前样本的贮存条件，保证检测结果的准确性。

Analysis of the fluctuation of blood potassium resluts in different seasons

Objective To analyze the potential reasons of the fluctuation of serum potassium resluts in differ- ent seasons. Methods The mean value of serum potassium results monthly of 2010-2011 in clinical laboratory test and corresponding quality control serum potassium were statistically analyzed. In addition, blood samples were taken from 37 volunteers, and 3 blood samples were taken from each volunteer. Serum was separated from one sample imme- diately,and the other two samples were preserved at 30 ℃ and 10 ℃ for 150 minutes respectively, then from which serum was separated. The serum potassium level was detected by the ion selective electrode method and the results were analyzed. Results The mean value of serum potassium results of 2010-2011 monthly clinical laboratory tests were generally high in winter and relatively low in summer,and there were no significant differences in the reushs of corresponding quality control serum potassium. When the serums were preserved at 10 ℃ for 150 minutes ,the serum potassium result was （4. 512 ±0. 267）mmol/L,which was significantly higher than the immediate detection result （ 3. 890 ± 0. 195 ） mmol/L（ t = 11. 445, P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no significant difference between the immediate detec- tion results and the detection results of the serum stored at 30℃ for 150 minutes （ t = 1. 643, P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The serum potassium results have relationship with the season, and the results are falsely high when ser- ums are preserved at a low temperature. In order to ensure the accuracy of the test results, sample storage condition should be well controlled.