结构型骨移植与颗粒型骨移植在修复不同程度骨缺损中应用的动物实验研究

目的 对比评价两种（结构型和颗粒型）不同自体骨移植形式修复不同长度骨缺损的效果.方法 将30只新西兰白兔随机分成3组,制作成不同长度双侧股骨节段性骨缺损模型（0.5 cm 缺损组,1.0 cm缺损组,1.5 cm缺损组）,取自体髂骨以不同形式分别植入左右两侧.术后4、8、12及16周进行一般情况,大体解剖,影像学及组织学观察.结果 术后4、8、12及16周3组兔结构型植骨侧与0.5 cm缺损组颗粒型植骨侧缺损逐步修复,1.0 cm缺损组及1.5 cm缺损组颗粒型植骨侧修复效果差,1.5 cm缺损与1.0 cm缺损组结构型植骨侧影像学评分高于颗粒型植骨侧（P＜0.05）,组织学观察结果与之一致.0.5 cm缺损组两侧各项观察指标差异无显著性意义.结论 结构型植骨修复中大段骨缺损优于颗粒型植骨.

The animal experimental study of repairing the long bone defect of different levels with structural bone graft or granular bone graft

Objective To compare and evaluate the effects of bone defects of different lengths repair with different forms of au- togenous bone graft （ Structural bone and Granular bone）. Methods 30 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups, made into different length of bilateral femoral segmental bone defect model （0.5 cm defect group, 1.0cm defect group, 1.5 cm defect group） ,autologous bone were implanted into the left and right sides in different forms. The general situation, gross anatomy, imaging and histological expression were observed at 4,8,12 and 16 weeks after operation. Results At 4,8,12 and 16 weeks after operation, the legs with structural bone grafting had bone defect repaired gradually in every group,so do the legs with granular bone graft in 0.5cm defect group. The effect of repairing bone defect with granular bone graft was poor in 1.0cm defect group and 1.5 cm defect group. In both 1.5 cm defect and 1.0cm defect group, the imaging score of the structural bone grafting side higher than granular bone grafting side （P 〈 0.05）, histological observation results supported this point. There was no significant difference in the observed indexes of both sides in 0.5cm defect group （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion The structural bone graft is better than granular bone grafting when they both are used in repairing medium and macro -piece bone defect, they have no significant difference in repairing small -piece bone defect.