儿童血铅水平对智商的影响分析

对无锡市４３８名１～５岁儿童进行双盲法血铅及智商测定，血铅检测采用石墨炉原子吸收法，１～２岁及 ４～５岁儿童分别采用ＣＥＣＣ及ＷＰＰＳＩ 进行智商测定。以智商＞１２０分及＜７０分为高智商组和低智商组，血铅≥１００ ｕｇ／Ｌ和＜１００ｕｇ／Ｌ分为高血铅组和低血铅组。结果４３８名１～５岁儿童血铅均值为８６．０７±３１．５３ｕｇ／Ｌ，智商均值为 ９５．８３±１１．２２分。儿童铅中毒（血铅值≥１００ ｕｇ／Ｌ）发生率为２８．５４％，血铅水平的高低与智商呈负相关。高血铅组智商 均值为９２．０６±１５．５８分，低血铅组智商均值为９８．６２±１５．７２分；高智商组血铅均值为７６．２２±２４．１８ ｕｇ／Ｌ，低智商组血 铅均值为９９．４２±３３． ５３ ｕｇ／Ｌ。经统计学分析，血铅水平与智商之间有显著性差别，高、低血铅组智商相差达６． ５６分。提 出高血铅对儿童智能发育起着阻碍作用，应引起重视。

Influence of children blood lead level on intelligence quotient

Blood lead and intelligence quotient (IQ) of 438 children of 1 -5 years old were detected with two-blind method in Wuxi City. Blood lead detection was by graphite stove atom absorbency method. IQ of children of 1 -2 years old and 4-5 years old were detected by CDCC and WPPSI method especially. IQ>120 was high IQ group, IQ<70 was low to group, blood lead≥100 ug/L was high blood lead group, blood lead < 100 ug/L was low blood lead group' The results showed that average blood lead of 438 children of 1-5 years old was 86. 07±31. 53 ug/L, average to was 95. 83 ±11. 22. Prevalent ratio of children lead poison (blood lead ≥100 ug/L) was 28. 54%, blood lead level was negative correlation with IQ. Average to of high blood lead group was 92. 06%±15 .58%, average IQ of low blood lead group was 98. 62±15. 72, average blood lead of high to group was 76. 22±24.18 ug/L, average blood lead of low IQ group was 99. 42±33.53 ug/L. There was signif- icant difference between blood lead level and to through statistic analysis, IQ of high blood lead group compared to low blood lead group was 6. 56. Therefore, counteraction of high blood lead on children's intelligence development should be paid attention to.