郑州市2000年夏秋季腹泻病原菌谱调查

目的：了解郑州市夏秋季感染性腹泻病原菌分布情况。方法：对2000年6至10月郑州市390例腹泻患者粪便取样进行主要病原菌的分离与鉴定，并且建立了一种快速标本处理和多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）诊断方法。结果：共分离出66株病原菌，总检出率为16．9％（66／390）。其中致病性大肠杆菌46株（11．8％），侵袭性大肠杆菌11株92．8％），志贺菌7株（1．8％），沙门菌2株（0．5％）。随机抽取67份腹泻标本，应用多重PCR检测，检出病原菌9例，高于培养法7例（P＝0．000）。结论：致病性大肠杆菌引起的婴幼儿腹泻应得到足够重视。多重PCR法对腹泻病原菌的检测具有简便、快速、特异、经济和不需培养等特点，宜于临床应用。

Detection of diarrheal pathogens in Zhengzhou City in year 2000

Aim:To study the pattern of diarrhea in summer and autumn in Zhengzhou City in year 2000.Methods:A total of 390 fecal samples of diarrheal patients in Zhengzhou during June to October in year 2000 were detected and a procedure of multiplex PCR was proceeded to detect virulence genes of diarrheal pathogens. Results:A total of 66 pathogenic strains (detection rate 16.9%) were found. Among them, 46 (11.8%) strains were identified as EPEC,11(2.8%) strains,as EIEC,7 (1.8%), as Shigella,and 2(0.5%),as Salmonella; 9 were positive from the 67 fecal specimens by multiplex PCR, higher than 7 by culture. Conclusion:We should pay more attention to infant diarrhea which is caused by EPEC. The method of multiplex PCR is highly specific, sensitive,and rapid for the detection of diarrheal pathogens.