大学生自杀意念的流行病学特征

目的描述大学生自杀意念的流行病学特征,初步分析自杀意念的影响因素。方法整群随机抽取2所高校,采用问卷法调查大学生867名。结果①大学生自杀意念的流行率为12.9%;②女生（χ^2=16.267,P〈0.01）、新生和毕业生（χ^2=23.670,P〈0.001）、医科生（χ^2=25.050,P〈0.001）、独生子女（χ^2=4.988,P〈0.05）、单亲家庭（χ^2=205.883,P〈0.001）及农村学生（χ^2=21.609,P〈0.001）自杀意念流行率较高,并存在显著性差异;③经过Log istic回归分析,结果表明性别、年级、专业、生源地及家庭结构对自杀意念的产生有重要影响。结论加强新生入学教育和毕业生教育,重点关注女生、医科生、单亲家庭及农村学生,多渠道的心理疏导及良好的家庭和校园环境有利于减少大学生自杀意念。

Epidemiological Study on Suicidal Ideation of College Students.

Objective To describe the distribution of suicide ideation in college students and analyze the influencing factors.Methods Two schools were randomized from university.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 867 students.Results ①The total prevalence of suicidal ideation was 12.9%.②Female（χ^2=16.267,P〈0.01）,freshman and graduate（χ^2=23.670,P〈0.001）,medical（χ^2=25.050,P〈0.001）,only child（χ^2=4.988,P〈0.05）,single parents（χ^2=205.883,P〈0.001）and countryside students（χ^2=21.609,P〈0.001）reported the higher prevalence.There were significant differences in the above six aspects.③Logistic regression analysis indicated that gender,grade,profession,origin and family structure had significant effects on suicide ideation.Conclusion Education for freshmen and graduate students,various ways to resolve the psychological problem and improving the family and campus environment can decrease the adolescents＇ suicidal iedaiton.