抑郁青少年父母亲职压力及其相关因素的研究

目的了解广州市在校抑郁青少年父母亲职压力情况,并探讨其亲职压力的影响因素。方法以贝克抑郁自评问卷（BDI）、亲职压力36项简表PSI-SF和家庭功能评定量表（FAD）为工具对220名中小学生及其父母进行调查。结果 1抑郁情绪组在亲职压力总分（F=5.63,P=0.004）及亲子互动失调（F=4.71,P=0.01）和困难孩子维度（F=7.24,P=0.001）的得分高于正常对照组;2单因素分析显示：家庭人均月收入少、父母受教育程度低的抑郁青少年,其父母亲职压力高（P〈0.01）;3抑郁青少年父母的亲职压力与家庭功能的角色（r=-0.572）、情感反应（r=-0.364）、情感介入（r=-0.549）、行为控制（r=-0.386）以及总功能（r=-0.292）均呈显著负相关（P〈0.01）;4多元回归分析结果显示：抑郁青少年的家庭功能的角色、情感介入、情感反应和家庭月均收入进入了亲职压力的回归方程,解释了总变异的49.6%。结论抑郁青少年父母普遍存在较高水平的亲职压力,其亲职压力受多种因素影响。

Parenting Stress and Related Factors in Parents of Adolescence with Depression.

Objective To comprehend the parental pressure of adolescent with depression in school in Guangzhou and explore the related factors of parental stress.Methods A total of 220 adolescent with depression and their parents were investigated with the Beck Depression Inventory,Parenting Stress Index-Short Form（including three domains of parental distress,difficult child and parent-child dysfunctional interaction） and family function assessment questionnaire（FAD）.Results ①The parents of depression group scored higher than the normal control group significantly in the total score of parenting stress（F=5.63,P=0.004）and the domains in parent-child dysfunctional interaction（F=4.71,P=0.01）and difficult child（F=7.24,P=0.001）.②Univariate analysis showed that the parenting stress scores of depression group were significantly higher in the parents of less average monthly household income and lower parental level of education（P〈0.01）.③The total scores of parenting stress and the role （r=-0.57）,affective response（r=-0.36）,affective involvement（r=-0.55）,behavioral control（r=-0.39）and the general function（r=-0.29） of family function were significantly negative correlation（P〈0.01） in parents of adolescent with depression.④Multiple regression analysis showed that the role,affective involvement,affective response of family function and the average monthly household income of parenting stress entered into the regression equation and explained 49.6% of the total variance.Conclusion High levels of parenting stress are commonly presented in parents of adolescent with depression and affected by many factors.