视屏作业职业紧张及有关影响因素的探讨

目的 探讨不同工种视屏作业者的紧张程度、紧张反应及有关的影响因素。方法 采用职业紧张调查表（OSI）对某银行173名视屏作业者进行问卷调查，根据是否进行软件开发工作将研究对象分为软件开发组和应用操作组。结果 软件开发组紧张因素总分、工作负荷、家庭／32作平衡、管理角色以及认知负荷因素与应付策略的得分显著高于应用操作组（均P〈0．05）；逐步回归分析的结果显示，软件开发组紧张反应的预测因素明显多于应用操作组，其方程的预测力也明显高于应用操作组。软件开发组工作满意感、心理卫生与躯体不适的强预测因素分别为组织气氛、人际关系与饮酒指数、饮酒指数；应用操作组分别为人际关系、婚姻状况与其它紧张来源、婚姻状况。结论 不同工种视屏作业者的紧张水平不同，软件开发者比应用操作组经历了更多的紧张；其紧张反应的预测因素也多于应用操作组。

Occupational Stress and Influential Factors in Workers of Visual Display Terminal in Bank

Objective To explore the occupational stress level,strain and influential factors in different groups of clerks of visual display terminal.Methods To investigate 173 clerks of visual display terminal in a bank in Ningxia by questionary using the occupational stress indicator(OSI).Results The software programmers had higher scores of occupational stress factors,workload,home/work balance,managerial role,recognition and coping strategy than the operational clerks(P<0.05).The main predicting factors of the stepwise regression for strain of the software clerks were much more than those of operational clerks and the predictive power of its equations in software programmers was greater than that of in operational clerks.The main predicive factors of the job satisfaction,mental health and physical health in software clerks were organizational atmosphere,interpersonal relationships and drinking,and in operational clerks they were interpersonal relationships,marital status and hassles,marital status.WT5H1]Conclusions The occupational stress level is varied from group to group.It is remarkably higher in software clerks than that in operational clerks.The chief predicive factors of strain in the software clerks are much more than that of in operational clerks.The main strain factors are different between the two groups.