北京地区老年人心理需求状况及其相关因素

目的：调查北京地区老年人的心理需求、心情和心理感受状况，并分析其相关因素。方法：采用自编《北京居民生活状况研究问卷》中的心理需求部分，调查2000例北京18个区县的60岁以上老年人。结果：老年人代际关系、心情和心理感受方面情况较好，三者关系密切。心情随受教育程度的提高而改善，男性好于女性；大部分老年人认为心情对生活质量影响大；心理感受随增龄而降低，随受教育程度的提高而改善；经济和照料满意度、晚辈孝顺、健康状况与总的生活满意度、心情、心理感受均有相关。结论：被调查的老年人心理需求基本满足，心情是影响生活质量的重要因素之一，应重视物质与精神相结合的养老。

Psychological Needs of the Elderly in Beijing and its Related Factors

Objective:To investigate psychological needs, state of mind and psychological feeling, and analyze the related factors.Method:2000 subjects over 60 years of age in Beijing are evaluated with the part of psychological needs of the Life State Inventory for Residents of Beijing.Results:The intergeneration relationship, state of mind and psychological feeling of the elderly were well. They were related each other closely. The state of mind improved with educational level and that of male were better than female. Most of the elderly considered that the effect of the state of mind on the quality of life was obvious. The psychological feeling declined with aged and improved with educational level. The satisfaction degree of economy and care, filial obedience, health were related to life satisfaction degree, state mind and psychological feeling.Conclusion:Psychological needs of the elderly were satisfied in general. The state of mind was one of the important factors on the quality of life.