Impact of CYP2C19 polymorphism on clinical outcome following coronary stenting is more important in non-diabetic than diabetic patients

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of CYP2C19 genotype on clinical outcome in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods

CYP2C19 polymorphism and DM are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events during antiplatelet therapy following stent implantation. Platelet reactivity during clopidogrel therapy and CYP2C19 polymorphism were measured in 519 CAD patients (males 70%, age 69 years) treated with stent placement. Patients were divided into two groups; DM (n = 249), and non-DM (n = 270), and clinical events were evaluated according to the carrier state, which included at least one CYP2C19 loss-of-function allele.

Results

The level of platelet reactivity and incidence of cardiovascular events were significantly different between Carriers and non-Carriers of the non-DM (platelet reactivity: 4501 +/− 1668 versus 3691 +/− 1714AUmin, P < 0.01; events, 32/178 versus 2/92, P < 0.01, respectively), however, there was no difference in clinical outcome in the DM group (events, 34/168 versus 14/81, respectively, P = 0.57). Multivariate analysis identified CYP2C19 loss-of-function allele carriage as an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in non-DM, but not in DM (non-DM, HR 7.180, 95% CI, 1.701 to 30.298, P = 0.007; DM, HR 1.374, 95% CI, 0.394 to 4.792, P = 0.618).

Conclusion

The impact of CYP2C19 polymorphism on clinical outcome seems to be more significant in non-DM compared with DM in patients with coronary stents.