中药饮片产业面临的困境及发展策略分析

通过对中药饮片(以下简称"饮片")产业数据分析,结合相关政策及产业态势,探究饮片产业现实困境背后的深层原因,剖析产业未来面临的潜在风险,探讨饮片产业高质量发展的策略方案。当前,饮片在产品上呈现特色化与专业化态势;饮片企业由单一生产型向生产服务结合转化;饮片加工生产从机械化、电气化逐步迈向自动化、智能化;中药炮制学科对饮片产业的支撑仍有待强化。当下,饮片产业面临显著的困境,短期压力主要来自:需求侧,中成药工业下滑,拉低了对饮片原料的需求;供给侧,饮片生产受监管和环保方面的影响日益加大;支付端,受医保控费影响,饮片的医保支付承受压力等现实原因。从中长期来看,未来饮片产业还可能面临下列问题:前期针对饮片的扶持性政策可能逐步弱化或退出的政策风险;行业集中度低、竞争格局零散、竞争机制不清晰带来的竞争困局;存在发生饮片质量危机的可能性,出现严重舆情事件,乃至引发信任危机的潜在风险;中药配方颗粒快速增长,占据饮片市场份额;中药炮制理论和饮片创新产品困境,行业新增长点缺失;饮片炮制加工可能退出外商投资负面清单,带来外部竞争。多重因素叠加之下,饮片产业未来一段时期或面临更严峻的困境。进而提出了饮片产业高质量发展的系列策略建议:破局饮片流通壁垒,构建全国大市场,引导形成以"饮片大品种"为中心的竞争机制;变革中药标准理念及工作思路,建立符合饮片特点、契合监管现实需求,"最严谨"的饮片标准,提高检验效率与监管效能,强化监管实效;强化中药炮制传承与饮片产品创新,理顺饮片与其他品类产品的定位关系,引导规范产业秩序;以"优质优先"为目标,构建基于优质标准的优质饮片产品体系,平衡饮片价格与品质。应对饮片产业可能的困境,业界亟待未雨绸缪,共同探寻饮片产业高质量发展的破局之道。

Dilemma and Development Strategies of Chinese Herbal Pieces Industry

Based on the data analysis of Chinese herbal decoction pieces industry, combined with relevant policies and industrial trends, this paper comprehensively analyzes the trend of Chinese herbal decoction pieces industry, explores the deep-seated reasons behind the practical difficulties of Chinese herbal decoction pieces industry, analyzes the potential risks faced by the industry in the future, and puts forward the strategic plan. At present, traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces present the trend of characteristic and specialization in products; yinpian enterprises transform from single production type to combination of production and service; traditional Chinese medicine processing and production from mechanization, electrification gradually towards automation, intelligence; the support of traditional Chinese medicine processing discipline for decoction pieces industry still needs to be strengthened. The short-term pressure mainly comes from: the demand side, the decline of Chinese patent medicine industry, pull down the demand for raw materials; on the supply side, the pressure of supervision and environmental protection on the production of Chinese herbal pieces is increasing; the payment end is affected by the control of medical insurance fees, and the medical insurance payment of decoction pieces is under pressure. In the medium and long term, the future Chinese herbal medicine industry may also face the following problems: the policy risk of early support policy may gradually withdraw; low industry concentration, scattered competition pattern and unclear competition mechanism lead to competition dilemma; there is the possibility of quality crisis of Chinese herbal pieces, serious public opinion events, and even the potential risk of causing trust crisis; traditional Chinese medicine formula granules grew rapidly and occupied the market share of decoction pieces; traditional Chinese medicine processing theory and decoction pieces innovation product dilemma, lack of new growth point of the industry; the processing of Chinese herbal pieces may withdraw from the negative list of foreign investment. Under the superposition of multiple factors, Chinese herbal pieces may face more severe difficulties in the future. Then, a series of strategic suggestions for the high-quality development of Chinese Herbal Pieces industry were put forward: break the circulation barriers of Chinese herbal pieces, build a big market, and guide the formation of a competition mechanism centered on "large varieties of Chinese Herbal Pieces"; optimize the concept and working ideas of traditional Chinese medicine standard, establish the "most compact" standard of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, which is in line with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and meets the practical needs of supervision; promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese herbal pieces, and balance the relationship between Chinese herbal pieces and other products reasonably; with "quality first" as the goal, a high-quality Chinese Herbal Pieces product system based on high-quality standards was established. In order to deal with the possible dilemma of Chinese herbal medicine industry, the industry needs to take precautions and jointly explore the way to break the situation of high-quality development of Chinese herbal medicine industry.