慢性下腰痛患者自我管理行为及影响因素分析

目的 调查慢性下腰痛患者自我管理行为现状,分析其影响因素。方法 应用便利抽样,于2019年1月-12月采用一般资料、慢性病自我管理行为量表、下腰痛疾病知识问卷、慢性病自我效能量表、社会支持评定量表对226例慢性下腰痛患者进行调查,采用多重线性回归分析探讨自我管理行为的影响因素。结果 慢性下腰痛患者自我管理行为总分(21.76±7.82)分;疾病知识、自我效能、社会支持、治疗方式、辅助工具使用史进入回归方程,解释慢性下腰痛患者自我管理行为总变异的51.3%。结论 慢性下腰痛患者自我管理水平较低,社会支持、疾病知识、自我效能、治疗方法、辅助工具应用史是其主要影响因素。建议在进行自我管理健康教育时,应考虑患者个体特点,采用针对性、适合的健康教育方式,提供多渠道健康信息获取方法,鼓励家庭参与,提高患者疾病知识和社会支持水平,增强自我效能,从而改善自我管理行为。

Self-management behavior in Patients with Chronic Low Back Painand Its Influence Factors

Objective To survey the self-management behavior in patients with chronic low back pain and analyze its influence factors. Methods With convenience sampling method, 226 patients with chronic low back pain were recruited and investigated from January to December by using questionnaires included demographic data, Chronic Disease Self-Management Study Measures, Low Back Pain Knowledge Questionnaire, and Chronic self-efficacy scale, Social Support Rating Scale; Regression analysis was used to explore its influencing factors. Results The total score of self-management behavior in patients with chronic low back pain was 21.76±7.82. Disease knowledge, self-efficacy, social support, history of auxiliary tools and therapy methods entered into multiple regression equation, explaining51.3% of the total variation. Conclusion Self-management behavior of patients with chronic low back pain is at a lower level. Social support, disease knowledge, self-efficacy, history of auxiliary tools and therapy methods are the main factors of self-management behaviors in patients with chronic low back pain. To improve patients" disease knowledge and social support, enhance self-efficacy, and improve self-management behavior, the individual characteristics of patients should be considered, targeted and appropriate health education methods should be adopted, multi-channel access to health information should be provided, and family participation should be encouraged when implementing self-management health education.