用累积法对中国部分城市室内外222Rn浓度的调查

目的：为了解环境氡的变化规律和对人体的影响，从１９８８年１１月至１９９３年３月，中日合作对我国人口密集的１０个城市的室内外２２２Ｒｎ浓度进行了现场调查。方法：使用日本名古屋大学研制的Ａｌｏｋａ，Ｃｓ－２０１Ｂ型静电累积２２２Ｒｎ探测器。该仪器采样２个月时，探测下限为０，４Ｂｑ·ｍ－３。结果：室外１０个城市年平均值为８．８Ｂｑ·Ｍ－３，其中武汉市为最高（１３．５Ｂｑ·ｍ－３·ａ－１），上海的崇明岛最低（３．３Ｂｑ·ｍ－３·ａ－１）。在西北风的季节里，台湾地区室外２２２Ｒｎ浓度的５０％由陆地气团所贡献。室内１０个城市年平均值为１９．５Ｂｑ·ｍ－３，其中贵阳市最高（３３．９Ｂｑ·ｍ－３·ａ－１），上海的崇明岛最低（９．０Ｂｑ·ｍ－３·ａ－１）。１０个城市由２２２Ｒｎ及其子体所致公众年平均当量剂量为０．６４ｍＳｖ·ａ－１，其中贵阳市最高（１．１２ｍＳｖ·ａ－１），南通市最低（０．３９ｍＳｖ·ａ－１）。结论：以上结果表明，所调查的１０个城市室内２２２Ｒｎ的平均浓度值低于世界均值，２２２Ｒｎ及子体所致居民的平均剂量也低于世界均值。

A subnationwide survey of outdoor and indoor222Rn concentrations in china by passive method

From Nov. 1985 to Mar. 1993, cooperated by China and Japan, a survey of outdoor and indoor222 Rn concentrations in 10 cities which were highly populated in China was carried out by means of passive method. The annual mean of outdoor 222Rn concentration in 10 cities was 8. 8 Bq. m-3. The highest of 13. 5 Bq .m-3 was in Wuhan, the lowest of 3. 3Bq.m-3 was in Chongming Island of Shanghai; and there were no significant differences among the different years in the same areas. During the northwest wind seasons, about 50% of outdoor 222Rn concentration in Taiwan was contributed by the airflow from the mainland.Typical apartment houses and offices built of brick and concrete were also surveyed for indoor 22 Rn concentrations. The annual me an of indoor 222 Rn concentration in the 10 cities was 19. SBq. m-3. The highest of 33. 9Bq. m-3 was observed in Guiyang, the lowest of 9. OBq.m-3 was observed in Chongming Island of Shanghai. The outdoor and indoor 222Rn concentrations showed a clear seasonal pattern with the minimum in summer and the maxium in winter. And they also showed a clear geographic distribution tendency, they were higher in inlands than in seashores, and higher in the south than in the north. The ratios of indoor to outdoor 222Rn concentrations were from 1. 1 to 4. 6. The annual effective dose equivalents resulting from outdoor and indoor 222Rn concentrations amounted to about 0. 64 mSv. a-1. The highest was in Guiyang, and the lowest was in Nantong, being 1. 12 and 0. 39 mSv. a-1, respectively.