Lessons of organ-induced tolerance learned from historical clinical experience |
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Authors: | Starzl Thomas E Murase Noriko Demetris Anthony J Trucco Massimo Abu-Elmagd Kareem Gray Edward A Eghtesad Bijan Shapiro Ron Marcos Amadeo Fung John J |
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Affiliation: | Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, and Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. mangantl@msx.upmc.edu |
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Abstract: | Although the reductionist approach has served science well for 400 years, the accumulation of details can obscure the truth if the original premise is incorrect. One such premise has been that successful organ transplantation and bone marrow engraftment are fundamentally different outcomes involving separate and distinct mechanisms. Some historical clinical observations pointed to a different conclusion almost from the beginning and included clues about how to induce tolerance with the aid of immunosuppression. |
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