干扰素-α治疗Ph+慢性粒细胞白血病的细胞遗传学反应分析

为了研究慢性粒细胞白血病 (CML)慢性期患者应用干扰素 α (IFN α)治疗后细胞遗传学疗效及其影响预后的因素 ,对我院 10年来 12 8例CML慢性期患者单用IFN α或联用化疗药物后细胞遗传学变化、核型演变及与临床有关特征的关系进行了回顾性分析。核型分析全部应用G 显带 ,部分联合应用荧光染色体原位杂交技术检测。结果表明 :①所有患者均获血液学缓解。② 118例Ph染色体标准易位患者中 36例 (30 .8% )获细胞遗传学反应 ,其中 2 0例 (17.1% )Ph染色体仍 >35 % ,13例 (11.1% )Ph染色体 <35 % ,3例 (2 5 % )Ph染色体为 0 ,达完全细胞遗传学缓解 ,细胞遗传学有效应者共 16例 (13.6 % )。③ 7例复杂变异易位患者中 4例获细胞遗传学反应 ,其中2例 (14 .3% )Ph染色体 >35 % ,2例 (14 .3% )Ph染色体 <35 % ,无 1例Ph染色体为 0 ;3例简单变异易位患者无 1例获细胞遗传学疗效。④IFN α治疗后影响细胞遗传学疗效的因素有 :性别、初诊病情、IFN α是否联用其他化疗药物及是否持续治疗。⑤IFN α治疗并不能防止CML疾病进展。结论 :①每周IFN α 6 0 0 - 90 0万U单用或联合Bu/Hu可使 11.1%的标准易位和少数复杂变异易位Ph+ CML患者获主要细胞遗传学效应 ,但不能防止疾病进展 ;②Ph变异易位并不预示IFN α疗效不佳 ;

Analysis of Cytogenetic Response in Ph+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated with Interferon α

Ph chromosome occurs in nearly all patients with CML, and eliminating Ph-positive clone is a major target in the treatment of CML. IFN-alpha is a well-known effective treatment in chronic phase CML. The cytogenetic response and the prognostic factors in 128 CML patients treated with IFN-alpha were retrospectively studied. IFN-alpha administered singly at a dose of 3 million U/day for 2 - 3 times a week or in combination with either hydroxyurea (Hu), busulfan (Bu), low dose Ara-C or harringtonine. Karyotyping was examined by G-banding before and after IFN-alpha-based treatment. The results showed that all patients achieved complete hematological remission. Cytogenetic response occurred in 36 of 118 patients with standard t (9;22) translocation; 3 of these 36 patients had a complete cytogenetic response (Ph = 0), 13 had major cytogenetic responses (Ph < 35%) and 20 had minimal response (Ph > 35%). The total cytogenetic effectiveness was 13.6% (16/118). Four of seven patients with complicated variant translocation also achieved cytogenetic response, 2 of them had a major cytogenetic response and 2 had minimal response. Factors influenced the prognosis associated with cytogenetic response included sex, patient status at diagnosis and IFN-alpha administered singly or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. IFN-alpha could not prevent the progression of CML. It is concluded that Ph(+)CML patients with both standard and variant translocation had major cytogenetic response to IFN-alpha treatment at a dose of 6 - 9 million U/week in single or combination with Hu/Bu, however, IFN-alpha treatment could not prevent disease progression. Long term survival was also observed in patients with variant translocation treated with IFN-alpha. Regular cytogenesis examination in CML patients is necessary during IFN-alpha therapy, which is useful to reflect curative effect and progression of the disease.