在HIV感染的吸毒者中吸毒行为和性行为特征分析

目的:了解有吸毒史的HIV感染者的吸毒行为、性行为特征及其性别相关性差异,为HIV/AIDS干预提供合理依据。方法:于2005年1-12月,对52名有吸毒史的HIV感染者进行面对面调查。结果:52名感染者中,20-39岁年龄组占96.15%,高中以下文化者占98.08%,无正当职业者占88.46%。男、女吸毒者静脉吸毒率分别为100%、88.89%,两者间差异无统计学意义(2=1.26,P=0.26),共用静脉注射器发生率分别为100%、54.17%,两者间差异有统计学意义(2=14.78,P=0.0001),女性吸毒者长期性伴的吸毒率和男性吸毒者长期性伴的吸毒率分别为48.15%、4%,两者间差异有统计学意义(2=12.86,P=0.0003)。男、女感染者自报性行为的发生率分别为88%、88.89%,两者间差异无统计学意义(2=0.11,P=0.74),其中商业性行为分别为男72.73%、女58.33%,两者间差异无统计学意义(2=1.05,P=0.31);婚外性行为分别为男81.82%、女16.67%,两者间差异有统计学意义(2=19.53,P=0.00001);男女均没有同性性行为;性行为过程中,仅有时用安全套。结论:有吸毒史的HIV感染者普遍存在感染的相关危险因素,一些危险因素存在明显的性别差异。提示应对吸毒者特别是静脉吸毒者开展早期HIV检测和动态检测,以及高危行为干预,并据性别差异采取针对性措施。

Characteristics of Drug Use and Sexual Behavior among HIV Infective Drug User

Objective:To investigate on HIV risk related to drug use and sexual behavior among HIV infected drug users in Guangdong and to make recommendations for further research and HIV/AIDS prevented intervention. Methods:Structured survey were administrated for 52 HIV infected drug users(DUs) recruited from mandatory detoxification center between January 2005 and December 2005.Results: 96.15% of HIV infected DUs were 20-39 years-old and 98.08% of those cases had junior middle school or lower education,88.46% of HIV infected DUs were unemployed.100% of male were injection drug users(IDUs) and 88.89% of female were IDUs,there were no statistically significant.Syringe sharing among male and female were 100% and 54.17%,respectively,and there were statistically significant.Sex partner being drug user among male and female were 48.14% and 4%,respectively,and there were statistically significant.In the last six months before receiving detoxification treatment,self-reported who have sex among male and female were 88% and 88.89% respectively,and there were no statistically significant.Self-reported who have business-sex among male and female were 72.73% and 58.33% respectively,and there were no statistically significant.Self-reported who have out-marriage sex among male and female were 81.82% and 16.67% respectively,and there were statistically significant.Most of HIV infected drug users never or on occasion used condom.Conclusion:Drug users were at high risk of HIV infection and some high risk behaviors were between male and female.Prevention intervention should be tailored to address specific risk behaviors and the gender role should be taken in the prevention and control of AIDS transmmiation.