外泌体在乳腺癌发病过程及诊治中的研究进展

乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤，其发病机制十分复杂。最新研究表明，外泌体与乳腺癌等多种肿瘤的发病过程密切相关，逐渐成为肿瘤研究的新热点。外泌体是循环囊泡的一种，能通过介导细胞间信号通信，影响乳腺癌等肿瘤的发生、发展、侵袭和转移，在肿瘤的发病过程和临床诊治等方面具有重要的研究价值。因此，本文就外泌体的结构与功能，外泌体在乳腺癌的发生发展、诊断和治疗中的作用作一综述，以期更好地理解乳腺癌的发病机制、为乳腺癌的临床诊治提供新思路。

Role of exosomes in carcinogenesis and diagnosis of breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women, which has a complex pathogenesis. According to the latest research, the role of exosomes in tumorigenesis has become the focus of research. Exosomes, one of the circulating vesicles, can promote the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer and other tumors through exosome-mediated intercellular communication, which shows great value in understanding the process of carcinogenesis and clinical diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, we review the structure and function of exosomes and their role in the tumorigenesis, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, in order to help clinicians better understand the pathogenesis of breast cancer and provide a new clue to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this malignancy.