高校社区高血压防治管理模式研究

目的 探讨高校社区高血压防治管理模式,为高校社区制定相应的管理措施提供依据。方法 选取在玉林师范学院建档的高血压患者150例为研究对象,随机分为干预组和对照组,干预组分别进行健康教育、健康体检、用药指导等干预措施;而对照组不给予任何干预。对各项措施干预前后高血压知识知晓率、服药依从性以及对高血压的正向态度进行评价。结果 干预组高血压防治知识知晓率及认识态度均有提高,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。其中健康教育措施效果明显,高血压相关知识完全知晓率由14.10%上升到75.32%(χ2=93.05,P<0.01)。用药指导措施的实施,干预组完全遵医率由24.36%上升到72.73%(χ2=36.35,P<0.01);血压稳定率由 44.87%上升到79.22%(χ2=19.34,P<0.01)。实施有计划健康体检,干预组患者并发症发生率为1.28%,对照组为8.82%(χ2=4.52,P<0.05)。结论 高校社区高血压防治管理模式,应在健康教育的基础上辅以用药指导和计划健康体检,进一步增强高校社区高血压人群健康促进意识,努力提高高血压的“三率”(知晓率、治疗率、控制率),提高他们的生活质量和健康水平,降低高血压致残率、致死率。

Study on administrative model of prevention and treatment for hypertension in a college community

Objective To study the administrative model of prevention and treatment for hypertension in a college community so as to provide the evidence for formulating the measures for the prevention and control of hypertension in the community. Methods A total of 150 hypertensive patients at Yulin Normal University were randomly divided into two groups: an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group was administered with intervention measures, such as health education, physical examination and medication guide. No measure was used in the control group. The effect of the intervention, such as the awareness of hypertension, medication compliance and positive attitude toward hypertension, was evaluated. Results After the intervention, the awareness of hypertensive prevention and positive attitude toward hypertension were improved, and the intervention group was superior to the control group (P<0.01). After the health education, the awareness rate of hypertension increased from 14.10% to 75.32% (χ2=93.05, P<0.01). After the medication guide, the compliance rate increased from 24.36% to 72.73% (χ2=36.35, P<0.01). The rate of stable blood pressure increased from 44.87% to 79.22% (χ2=19.34, P<0.01). After the regular health examination, the complication rate was 1.28% in the intervention group and was 8.82% in the control group (χ2=4.52, P<0.05). Conclusion The effective administrative model of hypertension prevention in the college community is to conduct the comprehensive measures, such as the health education, medication guide and regular physical examination. The health consciousness and the “Three rates” (the rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension) should be improved in order to improve the patients’ living quality and health level and reduce the disability rate and death rate of hypertension.