浅表型食管癌的临床及病理分析

目的分析浅表型食管癌病例的临床及病理特点，提高浅表型食管癌的诊断率。方法采用回顾性分析对恫乡市中医医院住院的45例浅表型食管癌的患者，结合胃镜检查及术后病理，以探讨浅表型食管癌的临床及病理特点。结果浅表型食管癌男性多见（75．56％，34／45）；好发年龄为51～69岁（57．78％，26／45）；好发于食管中段（77．78％，35／45）；胃镜下溃疡型（44．44％，20／45）、息肉样型（33．33％，15／45）、平坦型（22．22％，10／45）；术后病理黏膜下癌占多数（60．0％，27／45）；鳞癌（95．56％，43／45）；内镜下分型与浸润深度有明确的关系，肿瘤分化程度的高低与浸润深度呈负相关。结论浅表型食管癌胃镜下以溃疡型和息肉样型为主。胃镜检查是发现浅表型食管癌的主要手段，且有助于肿瘤浸润深度的评估；浅表型食管癌病理，以表面扩散生长型多见，以鳞癌为主，两者结合，有利于提高浅表型食管癌的诊断率，为浅表型食管癌临床制订合理治疗方案提供依据。

Clinical and pathological analysis of superficial type of esophageal cancer

Abstract ： Objective To explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of superficial type of esophageal cancer, and to improve the diagnosis rate. Methods retrospective analysis of our hospital in 45 cases of esophageal cancer patients with superficial type, combined with gastroscopy and postoperative pathologic type, in order to investigate the superficial e- sophageal cancer clinical and pathological features. Results Superficial type esophageal cancer usually occurred in men （75.56% ,34/45 ） ; aged 51 - 69 （ 57.78%, 26/45 ） ; at the middle of esophagus （ 77.78%, 35/45 ） ; with ulcer type （44.44% ,20/45 ）, polypoid type （ 33.33% , 15/45 ） and flat type （ 22.22%, 10/45 ） under gastroscope. Postoperative pathologic examination showed the submucosal carcinoma in majority （60.0% ,27/45 ） ;followed by squamous carcinoma （95.56% ,43/45 ）. Endoscopic typing had a clear relationship with infiltration depth, differentiation degree of tumor was negatively correlated to infiltration depth. Conclusion Gastroscopy was the main method to the diagnosis of superficial type of esophageal cancer, it was helpful to evaluate tumor infiltration depth. The pathology type of superficial esophageal cancer was majored with surface diffusion growth type, and squamous carcinoma was given priority to. The combination of the two methods can improve diagnosis rate of superficial type of esophageal cancer, and provide a clinical basis of reason- able treatment of superficial esophageal cancer.