新生儿脐炎病原菌分布与耐药性分析

目的了解新生儿脐炎病原菌和耐药情况,以利于临床选用抗菌药物。方法采用ATB Expression系统鉴定病原菌及药敏试验。结果153份脐分泌物标本,分离出病原菌136株,阳性率88.9%,依次为金黄色葡萄球菌(26.5%)、表皮葡萄球菌(16.2%)、溶血葡萄球菌(13.2%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(13.2%)、大肠埃希菌(9.6%);哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、万古霉素、美罗培南和亚胺培南平均耐药率<2.0%,耐苯唑西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)占13.9%,耐苯唑西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)占73.2%,超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌分别为21.4%、44.4%。结论新生儿脐炎的病原菌主要为金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等,临床医生在用药时需结合药敏结果,加强新生儿护理知识的宣传,有效降低新生儿脐炎。

Pathogenic Bacteria of Newborn Omphlitis:Their Distribution and Resistance

OBJECTIVE To study the constituent ratio of the pathogentic bacteria of the newborn omphlitis and their resistance.METHODS The bacteria were identified by ATB-Expression system and antibiotic susceptibility tests.RESULTS Of the specimens in 153 cases,there were 136 positive strains(88.9%).From high to low,Staphylococcus aureus occupied 26.5%,S.epidermidis occupied 16.2%,S.haemolyticus occupied 13.2%,Klebsiella pneumoniae occupied 13.2%,and Escherichia coli occupied 9.6%.Piperacillin/tazobactam,vancomycin,meropenem and imipenem had low drug resistance(2.0%) that doctors could choose the drugs according to pathogenic bacteria.MRSA occupied 13.9%,MRCNS occupied 73.2%.E.coli and K.penumoniae of ESBLs accounted for 21.4% and 44.4%.CONCLUSIONS The main pathogentic bacteria of the newborn omphlitis are S.aureus,S.epidermidis,S.haemolyticus,and K.pneumoniae.Doctors select the antibiotics according to the results of susceptibility test.It is necessary to advise how attend to the newborn in order to decrease the newborn omphlitis.