深圳地区汉族人类血小板抗原1-6系统基因多态性分析

目的 研究人类血小板抗原基因多态性,为人类学研究及临床输血实践提供依据。方法 采用PCR-SSP方法对深圳地区222名汉族随机献血者HPA1-6系统进行基因分型研究,对其基因及基因型频率进行统计,并与HPA在不同人群中的分布进行对比分析。结果 在6个HPA系统中,HPA-3基因型的杂合程度最高,HPA-3a/3a、HPA-3a/3b、HPA-3b/3b的频率分别为0.265 8,0.518 0,0.216 2;其余5个HPA系统均以a/a纯合子为主,a基因的频率范围为0.997 7～0.955 0,且均未发现b/b纯合子。1b、4b的基因频率很低,分别为0.009 O和0.002 3。结论 深圳汉族人群HPA1-6系统的基因频率与中国台湾人及中国香港人均很相似(P>0.05)。HPA-1、HPA-5与美国黑人、白人及荷兰人差异显著(P<0.05);HPA-2、HPA-3与日本人、韩国人、美国黑人、白人差异显著(P<0.05);HPA-4与日本人差异显著(P<0.05)。在未来的临床实践中要警惕HPA-2,3,5,6系统同种抗体导致的同种免疫血小板减少综合征的可能。

Polymorphism of the Human Platelet Antigens 1-6 in Shenzhen Han Population of Chinese

Objective To study the polymorphism of human platelet antigens. These data may provide the basis for population studies and clinical transfusion practice. Methods Using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)with sequence specific primers. 222 un-related volunteer Chinese Han population blood donors in Shenzhen were genotyped for each of the HPA1 -6 systems. Analyse the gene frequencies and the genotype frequencies with statistical methods,and compare our findings with HP A distribution among various populations. Results Among the SHPAs, HPA-3 had the greatest heterozygosity with a gene frequency of 0. 265 8,0. 518 9 and 0. 216 2 for HPA-3a/3a,HPA-3a/3b,and HPA-3b/3b respectively. For the remaning SHPAS.the predominance of a/a homozygosity was noted,with a frequency ranging from 0. 997 7 to 0. 955 O.and none of HPA b/b was found. HPA-1b and HPA-4 had very low frequencies of 0. 009 0 and 0. 002 3 respectively. Conclusion The results confirm that gene frequencies of HPA-1 to HPA-6 for Chinese Han population in Shenzhen are similar to those of Chinese people in Taiwan and Hong Kong(P>0. 05). Comparison of gene frequencies of alleles from HPA-1 and -5 systems showed significant differences between Chinese Han population in Shenzhen and African American,white,and Dutch people(P<0. 05). Comparison of gene frequencies of alleles from HPA-2 and -3 systems showed significant differences between Chinese Han population in Shenzhen and Japanese,Korean,African American and white people(P<0. 05). Comparison of gene frequencies of alleles from HPA-4 system showed significant differences between Chinese Han population in Shenzhen and Japanese people(P<0. 05). We have to be alert for the possible events caused by alloantibodies a-gainst HPA-2,-3,-5 and-6 in future clinical practice.