焦虑症的社会支持和防御方式的对照研究

目的 探讨焦虑症患者应激状态、社会支持和防御方式的特点。方法 采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表、工作生活环境调查表、社会支持调查表的防御方式问卷,对36名焦虑症患者进行测试,并与36名正常人做对照研究。结果 （1）焦虑症组的社会支持满意度明显低于对照组（P＜0．01）,社会支持内容排序与对照组相比,“朋友”项的选择提前至第二位,首选“谁也没有”项达25人次;（2）心理防御方式与对照组相比有显著差异,中间型和不成熟型防御因子分高（P＜0．01）,投射、潜意显现、抱怨、幻想、退行、假性利他、伴无能之全能、隔离、交往倾向、反作用形成、期望因子分高（P＜0．01或P＜0．05）,压抑因子分低（P＜0．01）;（3）生活事件数与平均应激强度与对照组相比无明显差异（P＞0．05）。结论 （1）焦虑症患者的社会支持系统满意度差,且防御方式存在明显的不成熟倾向;（2）焦虑症的发生与社会支持系统的缺乏和防御方式的不成熟有关。

The comparative study on stress state, social support and defense style in patients with anxiety

Objectives: To explore the characters of stress state, social support and defense styles of anxiety patients. Method: 36 anxiety patients and 36 normal controls were tested with Environment of Life and Work Rating Scale,Social Support Rating Scale,Defense Style Questionnaire and HAMA. Results: (1) The satisfactory level of social support of anxiety patients was lower than that of normal controls (P<0. 10), as for the content of social support, anxiety patients viewed "friend" as the second selection and 25 anxiety patients first select "none"; (2) Defense styles are significantly different between the two groups, the score of Neurotic styles and Immature styles is high (P<0. 01) and the score of Projection, Acting out. Help-rejectin complaining. Autistic fantasy,Regression,Pseudo-altruism,Omnipotence-devaluation, Isolation, Attiliation, Reaction formation, Anticipation is high (P<0. 01 or P<0. 05). the score of Suppression is low; (3) Life events and the average stress level is not significantly different between the two groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion: The satisfactory level of social support in anxiety patients was poor and defense styles of anxiety patients tended to be immature, it is related to the defect of the social support system and the immature defense styles.