Serum macrophage migration‐inhibitory factor as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer |
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| Authors: | Harry Hua‐Xiang Xia PhD Yi Yang PhD Kent‐Man Chu MBBS MS Qing Gu PhD Yuan‐Yuan Zhang PhD Hua He MPhil Wai Man Wong MD PhD Suet‐Yi Leung MD Siu‐Tsan Yuen MBBS Man‐Fung Yuen MD PhD Annie O.O. Chan MD PhD Benjamin C.Y. Wong MD PhD |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;2. HHX Xia's current address is Senior Medical Scientific Expert of Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey;3. Y. Yang, postdoctoral fellow at McKusick‐Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland;4. and H. He, English editor of the Chinese Journal of Cancer, Guangzhou, China.;5. Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;6. Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;7. Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;8. Fax: (011) 852‐2904 9443 |
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| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the potential diagnostic value of migration‐inhibitory factor (MIF) for gastric cancer in patients presenting with dyspepsia and its prognostic value for gastric cancer. METHODS: A cohort of 97 patients with histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma and 222 patients with dyspepsia were recruited. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum MIF and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). RESULTS: The serum MIF concentrations were 6554.0 ± 204.1 pg/mL and 1453.7 ± 79.9 pg/mL, respectively, in gastric cancer patients and dyspeptic patients (P < .001). Serum MIF levels increased with the advancing gastric pathologies (P < .001). With the cutoff value of 3230 pg/mL, serum MIF had sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 83.5%, 92.3%, and 89.7%, respectively, in diagnosing gastric cancer, whereas the rates were 60.8%, 83.3%, and 76.5%, respectively, for serum CEA. Gastric cancer patients with serum MIF levels above 6600 pg/mL had a lower 5‐year survival rate than those with serum MIF level below that level (P = .012). Higher serum CEA levels were also associated with poor survival. The prediction for 5‐year survival was even better (P = .0001), using a combination of serum MIF and CEA. CONCLUSIONS: Serum MIF level, which correlates with gastric MIF expression, is a better molecular marker than CEA in diagnosing gastric cancer in patients presenting with dyspepsia. A combination of serum MIF and CEA predicts 5‐year survival better than the individual test. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society. |
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| Keywords: | macrophage migration‐inhibitory factor carcinoembryonic antigen gastric cancer diagnosis prognosis |
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