乌头各组织部位生物碱类成分动态差异性研究

目的:比较不同采收期乌头不同组织中乌头总碱和双酯型生物碱(新乌头碱、乌头碱和次乌头碱)的含量,为毒性及药效学研究提供依据.方法:用酸性染料比色法测定乌头不同组织中总生物碱的含量；反相高效液相色谱法测定新乌头碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱的含量,流动相为乙腈-40 mmol· L-1乙酸铵水,梯度洗脱,流速1 mL·min-1,检测波长240 nm,柱温30℃.结果:6月4日之前采收的乌头的不同组织部位总生物碱含量明显小于6月18日和7月3日,乌头最佳采收期可确定为6月底至7月初.乌头地上部分乌头类总生物碱的含量小于地下部分,不同采收期乌头各组织部位中乌头类总生物碱和双酯型生物碱含量顺序大体为:须根＞子根＞母根＞叶片≈茎秆.结论:该研究初步了解了乌头各组织部位生物碱类成分的动态变化规律,确认了乌头的最佳采收期及各组织部位生物碱类成分的含量差异.

Study on Dynamic Differences of Alkaloid in Various Tissues of Aconitum

Objective:To compare the total alkaloids and three kinds of diester diterpenoid alkaloids in different parts of monkshood medicinal material.Method:We used acid dye colorimetry method to evaluate the alkaloids and RP-HPLC to evaluate three kinds of diester diterpenoid alkaloids.The compounds was analyzed by gradient elution program performed with acetonitrile and 40 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate as a mobile phase.The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1.The detection was done at 240 nm and column temperature was 30 ℃.Result:The total alkaloid content of different tissues which be harvested before June 4,was significantly less than on June 18 and July 3.The best harvest period of aconitine can be defined as the end of June and early July.The alkaloid content of ground parts of Aconitum is less than the underground.The contents of alkaloid and three kinds of diester diterpenoid alkaloids in different tissues of Aconitum carmichaeli were in the sequence of: fibrous tubers >monkshood-tubers > mother tubers > leaves > stem.Conclusion:The study was a preliminary understanding of the dynamic variation of the various tissues of the Aconitum Alkaloids and From the point of view on the content of alkaloids,the best harvest period of aconitine and content of alkaloids in various tissues can be defined.