卵巢癌细胞凋亡和细胞倍性与p53基因突变的关系

目的　了解p53基因突变、细胞倍性、细胞凋亡三者的关系，探讨突变型p53基因在肿瘤发生中的作用机制。方法　应用PCR-SSCP检测20例正常卵巢组织、20例良性卵巢肿瘤、45例恶性卵巢癌(其中肿瘤未转移组20例，肿瘤转移组25例)患者的p53基因突变，流式细胞仪Facscan检测卵巢癌细胞染色体倍性、凋亡率及其在细胞周期各相中的分布情况。结果　卵巢癌转移组的p53基因突变率为60％，未转移组为40％(P>0．05)；其中p53基因突变组肿瘤细胞凋亡率(20．25％)明显低于未突变组肿瘤细胞凋亡率(41．68％)(P<0．05)；p53基因突变组异倍体细胞百分率(73．9％)明显高于未突变组(36．4％，P<0．05)；另外，异倍体细胞较二倍体细胞更容易发生转移(P<0．05)；异倍体肿瘤细胞凋亡率为36．1％，二倍体肿瘤细胞凋亡率为42．0％，二者差异无显著性(P>0．05)。结论　 p53基因突变使肿瘤细胞凋亡率下降，进而促进肿瘤发生发展。p53基因突变多见于异倍体细胞，细胞凋亡率与细胞倍性无关。

Relationship Between p53 Gene Mutation and Apoptosis and Cell Ploidy of Ovarian Carcinoma

Objective To study the relationship among p53 gene mutation, apoptosis and cellploidy as well as to explore the role of mutated p53 gene in tumorigenesis. Methods A total of 85 speci-mens (20 normal ovarian specimens, 20 ovarian benign tumors, 20 non - metastatic carcinomas and 25metastatic carcinomas) were chosen． p53 gene mutations were detected by PCR- SSCP (single strand con-formation polymorphism). Cell ploidy, apoptosis role of carcinoma cells and cell distribution in each cellstage were detected by flow cytometry. Results p53 gene mutation and non- mutation of ovarian carci-noma was 60% and 40% respectively ( P >0.05). The rate of apoptosis of carcinoma cells with mutationof p53 gene (20.25%) was much lower than that without p53 mutation (41.68%, P <0.05). Aneuploidcarcinoma cells had been found in 17/23 carcinoma specimens with p53 gene mutation and 8/22 carcinomaspecimens without p53 mutation ( P < 0.05). Aneuploid carcinoma cells metastasize more easily thandiploid carcinoma cells ( P < 0.05). The rate of apoptosis was not different between aneuploid and diploidpatients. Conclusion Mutation of p53 gene decreases the apoptosis rate of ovarian carcinoma and maypromote tumorigenesis. Cell ploidy had a linkage with p53 gene mutation, but not with cell apoptosis.