7843例门诊腹泻病例分析

1988年8月20~30日在县、乡、村三级医疗机构诊治7 843例门诊登记的腹泻病例,其中5岁以下儿童为3 129例(39.90%);临床诊断霍乱18例(0.23%)、痢疾2 222例(28.33%)、伤寒和副伤寒122例(1.56%),其它腹泻病5 479例(69.88%);中度以上脱水5.37%、轻度脱水26.97%、无脱水67.66%;抗生素使用率为88.94%;静脉补液率为19.32%;口服补液盐使用率为27.64%;中药使用率为15.86%。结果表明:24小时内就诊率高,中度以上脱水病例少是我国腹泻病病死率低的原因之一。滥用抗生素及不恰当使用静脉输液逛腹泻病治疗中存在的主要问题。

Analysis of 7843 Outpatients with Diarrhoea

7843 outpatients with diarrhoea registered at clinical units of villages, townships and counties were analysed in August 20-30, 1988. Among those, 3129 (39.9%) cases were children under 5 years of age, and 18 (0.23%) with cholera, 2222 (28.33%) with dysentery, 122 (1.56%) with typhoid or paratyphoid fever and 5479 (69.88%) with other diarrhoea diagnosed by clinical symptoms. It was shown that the mediate or severe, mild and no dehydration was 5.37%, 26.97% and 66.66% respectively, and that the use rate of antibiotics, I.V. infusion, ORS and Chinese Herbs was 88.94%, 19.32%, 27.64% and 15.86% respectively. The conclusion elucidated that the high proportion of seeking medical services within 24 hours and few cases of mediate or severe dehydration were one of the reasons why there was low case-fatality of diarrhoea in China.