学龄前儿童HBV感染率及危险因素研究

对520名2~6岁托幼机构儿童进行了乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)标记的检测和感染危险因素的调所获资料用Mantd-Haenzel卡方及Mantel扩展卡方分析.其结果为:在学龄前儿童中,HBsAg携带率为8.08%,HBV感染率为21.73%,两者与性别无关,但都随年龄而增高.母亲HBsAg尤其HBeAg阳性是学龄前儿童HBV感染的笊要危险因索。家庭成员有肝炎史者,HBV感染危险性增高。由家长将食物咀嚼后喂养者,HBV感染率显著商于不具有此项暴露因素者,且在各年龄组都存在这一趋势,因此,经成人咀嚼后喂养,可能是造成家庭内HBV传播的一个危险因素。

An Epidemiological Study on Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection in Preschool Children

A seroepidemiological survey was carried out in 5 kindergartens in Shanghai to determine the prevalence and risk factors of HBV infection in 520 preschool children, aged 2-6. Blood specimens were taken from all children and tested for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc. The parents were inquired about exposure of the children to 24 possible risk factors, the data were analysed by Mantel-Haenzel's chi-square and Mantel extension chi-square. The prevalence of HBV markers was 21.73% (8.08% positive for HBsAg). It increased with age. There was no relationship between the presence of HBV markers and sex. HBsAg, especially HBeAg positive rate, in mothers was an important risk factor for children. The HBV prevalence was significantly higher for the children who had family members with a history of clinical Hepatitis. A two-fold R. R for premastication of food fed to the children had been demonstrated. This habit seemed to be a possible important risk factor in the family transmission of HBV.