某部新兵营养健康状况基线水平调查与分析

目的了解某部新征入伍士兵的营养健康状况,掌握其营养基线水平及存在问题,为指导部队合理膳食提供依据。方法结合新兵体检对某部238名新兵进行体格检查、营养缺乏病临床体征检查、实验室检测以及营养卫生知识问卷调查。结果受调查新兵体重指数正常者占71.4%,超重者占19.7%,肥胖者占3.0%,体重过低者占5.9%;血红蛋白、空腹血糖、血清维生素A、血清维生素C、血清维生素E均达到正常标准;但血钙、血铁、血锌各有78.2%、15.1%、5.0%低于正常水平;问卷显示大部分战士对营养卫生知识掌握不够全面。结论该部新兵营养状况总体水平良好,但部分新兵存在营养不良或营养过剩的现象,且不同程度的存在血红蛋白偏低、维生素与矿物元素不足或缺乏等营养问题,应采用综合营养干预措施来改善该人群的营养健康状况。

Investigation and analysis on baseline nutrition and health status of new recruits

Objective] To realize the nutrition and health status of new recruits,understand their nutrition baseline and problems,and provide the scientific basis for guiding the rational diet in the military.Methods] The physical examination,nutritional deficiencies examination,laboratory detection and nutrition knowledge questionnaires were conducted in 238 new recruits.Results] 71.4% of new recruits had the normal body mass index,19.7% were overweight,3% were obesity,and 5.9% were underweight.The levels of hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose,serum vitamin A,serum vitamin C and serum vitamin E reached the normal standards.While the levels of serum calcium,serum iron and serum zinc were lower than the normal standards in 78.2%,15.1% and 5% of new recruits respectively.Questionnaires showed that most of soldiers did not completely understand the nutritional knowledge.Conclusion] The nutrition status of new recruits is good generally,but some of them have malnutrition or overnutrition.There are some nutrition problems in different degrees,which include low hemoglobin,lack of vitamins and mineral elements.It is necessary to carry out the comprehensive nutrition interventions to improve their nutrition and healthy status.